氚靶制备现场氚的辐射防护

氚靶制备过程中氚的辐射防护是整项工作能否顺利完成的关键之一，本文以一次氚靶制备为例，报道了氚靶制备现场氚的辐射防护。结果表明：在氚靶制备过程中，充氚手套箱、操作间和排放烟囱内的氚浓度均未达到操作现场设定的氚的管理值，本次制靶过程中外排氚量为6．78×10^9Bq；制靶期间操作间地面和工作台、仪表上氚表面污染最大值分别为23．20Bq／cm^2、1．85Bq／cm^2、11．53Bq／cm^2，均远低于GB18871—2002中规定的控制区表面放射性物质污染控制水平值；剂量监测间地面氚表面污染最大值为8．92Bq／cm^2，低于国家标准中对监督区表面氚污染的控制限值；操作人员休息间、剂量监测控制间和走廊地面氚表面污染最大值分别为15．28Bq／cm^2、3．35Bq／cm^2、14．05Bq／cm^2，低于国标中对非限制区表面氚污染的控制水平；本次充氚活动中现场工作人员所受的剂量在国家标准值以下，对公众造成的附加剂量远低于GB18871—2002中规定的限值。

The Radiation Protection on Tritium in Preparation tritide Target

The radiation protection from tritium is one of the key points for a successful preparation of tritium target. In this paper, the radiation protection from tritium was reported based on an experienced process of preparing tritium target. The results showed that the tritium level from glove box, working room and stack were lower than the preset level. Actually, the total exhaust tritium was 6. 78 × 10^9 Bq; the maximum surface pollution on the floor, working table and panel were 23.20, 1.85 and 11.53 Bq/cm^2 respectively, which were much lower than 400Bq/cm^2, the standard in GB18871 -2002. The maximum surface pollution on the floor of monitoring room was 8. 92 Bq/cm^2, which was also lower than the national standard. The maximum surface pollution in the operator rest room, controlling room for dose monitoring and on the floor of the passageway were 15.28, 3.35 and 14. 05 Bq/cm^2, which were lower than the national standard for unrestricted area. The doses of tritium radiation received by the workers in site were all under the national standard and that received by public was much lower than the limit in GB18871 - 2002.