重庆市河堰村景观改变对水环境的影响

为了研究农村景观改变对水环境的影响,选取重庆市河堰村为研究对象,运用SWMM水文模拟软件,分析了研究区域的景观变迁与水量、水质变化的相互关系;通过访谈当地居民,分析了土地利用与景观变化对水环境的影响机制。认为(1)散点状的居民点分布模式与"村村通公路,户户通水泥"的农村道路建设以及庭院硬质化导致农村不透水表面面积迅速增加,缩短了雨水汇流时间并加速了污染物向水体的转移。(2)山体开发和现代农田水利工程的建设,如水库、山坪塘和排灌沟渠等的建设导致水体自净能力降低,加重了水体污染。(3)地表硬质化与河床沟渠化加速了水过程从而加速水环境的破坏。(4)人水关系由"我"、"你"变成"我"、"它",农民在卫生意识上升的同时缺乏相应的环保意识。

The Impact of Heyan Village Landscape Change on Water Environment in Chongqing

This paper studied the impact of rural landscape change on water environment.Taking Heyan Village in Chongqing as object,this study used SWMM model software program to analyze the correlation between landscape change and water quality and quantity,through resident interview,analyzed the influencing mechanism of landscape use and change on water environment.Conclusions are as follows：（1） Scattered residential house distribution pattern,village to village road construction and courtyard hardening had rapidly increased the area of impermeable surface,shortened the rain water converging time and accelerated pollutants transferring to water body.（2） Mountain development and water conservancy projects such as constructions of reservoirs,mountain plateau ponds and irrigation and drainage ditches have decreased the self-purification capability of water bodies and increased water pollution.（3） Surface and riverbed hardening have accelerated the pollution of water environment.（4） The relationship between residents and water changed from ＂you＂ and ＂me＂ to ＂others＂ and ＂me ＂,showed that residents still lack environmental awareness although their awareness of sanitation had increased.