涪江流域遂宁段生态环境监测与水质污染现状评价

为研究涪江遂宁段河流水环境质量和污染现状，对水体中基本理化指标和细菌总数、粪大肠茵群数、浮游藻类组成等生物指标进行了监测和综合分析，并采用了单因子评价法和综合污染指数法对其进行水质污染现状进行了评价。结果表明，该流域境内香山和郭江属地表水Ⅳ类中度污染，污染指标总氮、总磷和BOD；超标倍数分别为0．76、0．26、0．02和0．39、0．24、0．03；跑马滩属地表水Ⅳ类中度污染，总氮和BOD，超标倍数为0．08、0．13；米家桥和老池属于Ⅲ类轻度污染；总氮、总磷和BOD，断面超标率分别为60％、40％、60％。此外，各监测断面水体中细菌总数、大肠菌群数及藻类组成均差异明显，变化趋势与水质理化指标基本吻合。细菌总数变化趋势为郭江〉跑马滩〉香山〉米家桥〉老池，郭江细菌总数2．36×10^7cfu／mL，比跑马滩、香山高、米家桥和老池分别高23.7％和41．5％．56．25倍和65．5倍。

The Ecological Environment Monitoring and Pollution Evaluation of Present Water Quality in Suining Section of Fujiang River

To study the water quality and pollution status in Suining section of Fujiang River, this paper analyzed the basic physicochemical indexes and the total number of bacteria, fecal coliform, algae composition comprehensively, and using the single factor evaluation and the comprehensive pollution index method to evaluate water pollution status. The results showed that the surface water quality of Xiangshan and Qijiang river was under intermediate pollution of surface water class 1V, the pollution index were total nitrogen, total phosphorus and BOD5 , the multiple exceeded the standard were 0. 76, 0. 26, 0. 02 and 0. 39, 0. 24, 0. 03 ; Paomatan was under intermediate pollution of surface water class IV, the pollution index were total nitrogen, total phosphorus and BOD5 , the multiple exceeded the standard were 0. 08, 0. 13 ; Mijiaqiao and Laochi belongs to class III of slight pollution; the multiple exceeded the standard of total nitrogen, total phosphorus and BOD5 section were 60%, 40%, 60%. Moreover, total bacterial count, coliform bacteria and algae were significantly different with the monitoring sections, and the change trend of biology indexes was apparent and coincided with the basic physical and chemical index. The change trend of total bacterial count was Qijiang River 〉 Paomatan 〉 Xiangshan 〉 Mijiaqiao 〉 Laochi. The total bacterial count in the Qijiang River was 2. 36 × 107 cfu/mL, respectively higher than Paomatan, Xiangshan, Mijiaqiao, Laochi were 23.7%, 41.5%, 56. 25 multiples, 65.5 multiples.