攀枝花市区及盐边县城区城市臭氧污染状况研究

攀枝花市区臭氧污染负荷逐年上升,盐边县城区近年来臭氧污染负荷均高于20%,臭氧污染已成为影响城市空气质量的重要因素。对2017年1月~2020年2月攀枝花市区和盐边县城区臭氧污染物浓度时空变化规律和相关性进行了研究,并结合攀枝花各地太阳能和天气网记录的气象数据,统计了太阳辐射强度、紫外线辐射强度、日最高气温、日平均风向、季节气候等气象要素与出现臭氧污染的概率。研究表明,攀枝花市区和盐边县城区两地春、夏季较易出现臭氧污染,春季臭氧浓度持续高值时数最多,夏季臭氧浓度持续高值影响时数次之,两地臭氧污染物浓度变化有极强相关性。此外,臭氧浓度与气象条件密切关系,当紫外辐射强度大于30W/m²时,臭氧污染的几率为5%~8%,最高日气温值29℃~36℃之间时易出现臭氧污染,攀枝花市区臭氧污染受西向气流影响最重,盐边县城区臭氧污染受南向气流影响最重,盐边城区臭氧污染主要受攀枝花市区影响。根据臭氧污染物浓度时空变化规律和气象条件,开展区域臭氧前体物排放调控,将有效改善地区环境空气质量。

Study on Urban Ozone Pollution in Panzhihua City and Yanbian County

The ozone pollution load in Panzhihua City has been increasing year by year,and the ozone pollution load in Yanbian county urban area has been higher than 20%in recent years,ozone pollution has become an important factor affecting urban air quality.In this paper,the temporal and spatial variation law and correlation of ozone pollutant concentration in Panzhihua City and Yanbian county from January 2017 to February 2020 were studied.Combined with the meteorological data recordedby solar energy and weather network in Panzhihua,the relationship between the probability of ozone pollution and meteorological factors such as solar radiation intensity,ultraviolet radiation intensity,daily maximum temperature,daily average wind direction,and seasonal climate was analyzed.The results showed that in Panzhihua and the urban area of Yanbian county,the ozone pollution was more likely to occur in spring and summer,the high ozone concentration in spring was the most,followed by summer.There was a strong correlation between the changes of ozone concentration in the two places.In addition,the ozone concentration is closely related to meteorological conditions.When the ultraviolet radiation intensity is greater than 30W/m²,the probability of ozone pollution is 5%~8%.When the maximum daily temperature is between 29℃and 36℃,ozone pollution is easy to occur.The ozone pollution in Panzhihua City is most seriously affected by the westward airflow,and that in Yanbian county is most seriously affected by the southward airflow.The ozone pollution in Yanbian County is mainly affected by Panzhihua City influence.According to the temporal and spatial variation of ozone pollutant concentration and meteorological conditions,the emission control of regional ozone precursors will effectively improve the regional ambient air quality.