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四川省农业生产环境因素-化肥施用状况宏观分析
引用本文:王庆安,谭婷,杨渺,万鹏,张翔,佘红英.四川省农业生产环境因素-化肥施用状况宏观分析[J].四川环境,2008,27(6):18-24.
作者姓名:王庆安  谭婷  杨渺  万鹏  张翔  佘红英
作者单位:四川省环境保护科学研究院,成都,610041
基金项目:四川省人民政府2007年度环境保护专项资金项目  
摘    要:本文首次提出“区域化肥施用负荷”、“化肥施用相对生产力”、“化肥施用相对适宜度”等概念及研究方法,用于四川省化肥施用状况宏观分析。四川全省化肥施用量F=228.86kg/hm^2,全省21个市州中自贡、攀枝花、德阳、绵阳、遂宁、眉山、雅安和巴中等8个市F〉250kg/hm^2,其中攀枝花市达到457kg/hm^2;全省5个农业区中,成都平原区F值最高,达285.63kg/hm^2。四川省化肥施用负荷H=4704kg/km^2,自贡、德阳、遂宁、内江等4市H值是全省H值4倍以上,自贡、遂宁2市甚至达5倍以上;成都平原区、盆地丘陵区H值分别是17491kg/km^2和16309kg/km^2,远远高于其他地区。全省化肥施用相对生产力R=20.26kg,攀枝花市R=12.11kg,是全省最低的;盆地丘陵区R=20.16kg,其余地区R值均高于全省的。全省近10年平均化肥施用相对适宜度T=3.19作为评价基准,攀枝花市T=5.22,是全省最高的,属化肥施用高度过量;各农业区中,盆地丘陵区T=3.47,盆周山地区T=3.28,属化肥施用轻度过量,其余地区基本适宜。

关 键 词:农业  环境影响  区域化肥施用负荷  化肥施用相对生产力  化肥施用相对适宜度

Macroscopical Analysis of Chemical Fertilizer Application as One of the Factors Affecting Environment of Agricultural Production in Sichuan Province
WANG Qing-an,TAN Ting,YANG Miao,WAN Peng,ZHANG Xiang,SHE Hong-ying.Macroscopical Analysis of Chemical Fertilizer Application as One of the Factors Affecting Environment of Agricultural Production in Sichuan Province[J].Sichuan Environment,2008,27(6):18-24.
Authors:WANG Qing-an  TAN Ting  YANG Miao  WAN Peng  ZHANG Xiang  SHE Hong-ying
Institution:( Sichuan Research Institute of Environmental Protection, Chengdu 610041, China)
Abstract:In this paper, as the first time, the conceptions of "regional load of chemical fertilizer application", "relative productivity of chemical fertilizer application" and "relative fitness of chemical fertilizer application" were put forward. The average of specific chemical fertilizer application (F) in Sichuan was 228. 86kg/hm^2. In eight of all 21 cities or states of Sichuan province, namely Zigong, Panzhihua, Deyang, Mianyang, Suining, Meishan, Ya'an and Bazhong, the F values were greater than 250 kg/hm^2, in which of Panzhihua it was high up to 457 kg/hm^2. As one of the five agricultural regions of Sichuan, the F value of Chengdu Campagna was the highest that reached 285. 63 kg/hm^2. The average of load rate of chemical fertilizer application ( H ) of Sichuan province was 4704 kg/hm^2. The H value in every city of Zigong, Deyang, Suining and Neijiang was respectively more than four times of the provincial avaerage, even that in Zigong or Suining was five times of the provincial level. H value of Chengdu Campagna and the basin-hill areas of Sichuan were 17491 and 16309 kg/hm^2 respectively, much more higher than other regions else in Sichuan. The average relative productivity of fertilizer application (R) of Sichuan was 20. 26kg. The minimum R of the province was 12. llkg in Panzhihua city. The R value in basin-hill areas was 20. 16kg; while that in other regions else were all higher than the average in Sichuan. The average of fertilizer application relative fitness (T) of Sichuan in the last decade was 3.19. It was taken as the assessing baseline by which the provincial maximum T was obtained as 5.22 in Panzhihua city. It meant severe over application of chemical fertilizer. While in basin-hill regions and mountainous regions around the basin, the T values were 3.47 and 3.28 respectively. It meant that the chemical fertilizer was slightly over applied.
Keywords:Agriculture  environmental effect  regional load rate of fertilizer application  relative productivity of chemical fertilizer application  relative fitness of chemical fertilizer application
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