煤灰渣利用中对人群所产生辐射影响的评价

煤的开发与利用产生了大量的灰，渣等固体废物，占用大量土地，污染土壤和水源，成为四大公害之一，因而对煤灰，渣的治理和综合利用一直受到人们的关注。然而，由于煤灰渣中的天然放射性水平较高，因此，在煤灰渣的综合利用，尤其在用作建筑材料时，不可避免地要受到其放射性核素的危害。本文在对四川省各燃煤电厂排放灰渣中的^238U,^232Th,^220R,^40X并无然放射性核素进行分析和研究的基础上，用UNSCEAR1982年报告所推荐的计算模式估算了各电厂煤灰渣制度建材对公众所产生的附加辐射剂量，评价了煤灰制度建材对环境和人群所产生的辐射影响，并提出了控制煤灰渣在建材中的最大掺合量，为其它作用的使用煤灰渣提出了科学的理论依据。

Evaluation of Radiation Influence in the Utilization of Coal Ash and Cinder

A large amount of ash, cinder and other solid wastes are produced in the utilization of coal. They occupy large land. pol-lute soil and source of water. They have became one of the most serious four enviromental polutions and attract much attentions.Dus to the higher natural radioactive level. the comprehensive utilization of coal ash and cinder are of limited especially taking for the building materials. Based on the analysis of some natural radioactive elements, such as 238U, 232TH, 226Ru, and 100K,ash and cinder produced by several thermal power plants in Sichuan Pronince, radiation dosage was estimated with a computational model presented by UNSCEAR in 1982. Radiation influence produced by building matertal which are prpared with a computation for coal ash and cinder was evaluated in relation to envi-ronment was evaluated in reltaion to envirionment and population the maxism permitted mixing proportion for coal ash and einder in building material was presented and a scientific evidance was given for the utiliztion exceeding the limitation.