瑞典环境损害评估与修复制度及其启示

环境损害事件发生后,行政机关第一时间应清除损害并进行评估与修复,但我国生态环境损害的救济立法规定相对粗糙,难以具有执行力。而《瑞典环境法典》则从本国国情出发制定其环境损害评估与修复制度,污染发生后环境监督机关迅速进入污染区域调查并制作报告,明确事后治理责任主体,并通过环境质量标准确定损害修复应达到的水平并开展损害修复工作。瑞典经验启示我国应发挥行政机关在环境损害评估与修复工作中的重要作用,规范生态环境损害鉴定评估制度,明确损害修复的责任主体,同时根据不同的环境损害情况实施相应的修复方案,保证修复的顺利展开,维护环境公共利益。

Environmental Damage Assessment and Remediation System in Sweden and Its Enlightenment

After the occurrence of environmental damage events,the administrative organs should clear the damage and carry out assessment and repair in the first time.However,the legislative provisions on the relief of ecological environmental damage in China are relatively rough and difficult to implement.The Swedish environmental code formulates its environmental damage assessment and remediation system based on the national conditions.After the occurrence of pollution,the environmental supervision organs quickly enter the pollution area to investigate and make a report,make clear the responsibility subject for subsequent treatment,and determine the level of the damage repair through the environmental quality standards and carry out the damage repair work.Sweden's experience suggests that administrative authorities in China should play an important role in environmental damage assessment and restoration,standardize the evaluation system of ecological environment damage,clarify the main body of responsibility for damage restoration,and implement corresponding restoration schemes according to different environmental damage conditions,so as to ensure the smooth implementation of restoration and guarantee the public interests of the environment.