我国城市大气污染现状与特点

中国城市化和工业化的快速发展与能源消耗的迅速增加，给中国城市带来了很多空气污染问题。20世纪70年代期间，煤烟型污染排放成为中国工业城市的特点；80年代，许多南方城市遭受严重的酸雨危害；近年来，汽车尾气排放的NOx、CO及随后形成的光化学烟雾，使得许多大城市的空气质量恶化。城市空气污染影响着城市居民的健康和城市的发展。为控制空气污染和保护大气环境质量，我国政府已经实施了许多规划。本文概述了当前中国城市特别是重点城市的空气质量状况，描述一些主要城市空气污染物包括总悬浮颗粒、PM10、PM2．5、SO2、酸雨、NOx/NO2的特点。尽管采取了很多应对措施，但目前我国城市的空气质量依然不容乐观，文中还讨论了未来城市空气污染控制面临的问题。

Current Status and Characteristics of Urban Air Pollution in China

Rapid Urbanization and industrialization causes higher energy consumption in China, resulting in a variety of urban air pollution problems. During the 1970s, black smoke from stacks became the characteristic of Chinese industrial cities; in the 1980s, many southern cities began to suffer serious acid rain pollution; and recently, the air quality in large cities has deteriorated due to vehicle exhaust. In order to control air pollution, the Chinese government has implemented a variety d! programs. This paper first reviews the current stares of air quality in Chinese cities, then describes the characteristics of some major pollutants, TSP, PM10, PM2.5, SO2, acid rain, NOx, and photochemical smog. Although many countermeasures have been taken, the air quality of Chinese cities is disagreeable. The future issues for air pollution control are discussed.