In-vitro toxicity of cyclophosphamide and etoposide intermediates/metabolites produced by three white rot fungi |
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| Authors: | Ankush Yadav Eldon R Rene Mrinal Kanti Mandal Kashyap Kumar Dubey |
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| Institution: | 1. Department of Biotechnology, Central University of Haryana, Mahendergarh, Haryana, India;2. Department of Water Supply, Sanitation and Environmental Engineering, IHE Delft Institute for Water Education, The Netherlands;3. Department of Chemical Engineering, National Institute of Technology, Durgapur, West Bengal, India;4. Bio manufacturing and Process Development Laboratory, School of Biotechnology, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, India |
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| Abstract: | Aim of the present study is to determine the in-vitro cell cytotoxic effect of native and transformed cancer drugs (cyclophosphamide and etoposide) using three different white rot fungi (Ganoderma lucidum, Phanerochaete chrysosporium and Trametes versicolor). At 3, 6, 9, 12 and 15 days, experiments were done on a mouse monocyte macrophage cell line (Raw 264.7). After biodegradation, the altered compounds were found to be harmful to the Raw 264.7 cells. The maximal cytotoxicity of cyclophosphamide transformed products (TPs) were determined to be 2.4%, 7.3% and 7% respectively, against G. lucidum, P. chrysosporium and T. versicolor, respectively. With G. lucidum, P. chrysosporium and T. versicolor, the etoposide toxicity was 1.5%, 8% and 2.7% respectively. P. chrysosporium-mediated biodegradation resulted in the maximum toxicity, at 8%, on the 12th day for etoposide and 7.3% on the 3rd day for cyclophosphamide. After biodegradation by fungi, the toxicity of these two anticancer agents was reduced in the form of metabolites, but each fungus showed unique capacity for toxicity removal. |
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| Keywords: | anticancer drugs cytotoxicity etoposide treatment white-rot-fungi (WRF) |
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