Determination of toxic metals in discarded Liquid Crystal Displays (LCDs) |
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| Institution: | 1. School of Environmental Engineering, Technical University of Crete, Politechnioupolis, Chania 73100, Greece;2. Department of Environmental Engineering and Occupational Safety and Health, University of Novi Sad, Faculty of Technical Sciences, Trg Dositeja Obradovica 6, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia;3. Department of Civil, Environmental, Architectural Engineering and Mathematics, University of Brescia, Via Branze 43, 25123 Brescia, Italy;1. Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Via Brecce Bianche, 60131 Ancona, Italy;2. Institute of Environmental Geology and Geoengineering IGAG, National Research Council, Via Salaria km 29300, 00015 Montelibretti, Rome, Italy;3. Department of Industrial Engineering, Information and Economy, University of L’Aquila, Via Giovanni Gronchi 18, 67100, Zona industriale di Pile, L’Aquila, Italy;4. ISL Kopacek KG, Beckmanngasse 51, 1140 Wien, Austria;1. Department of Environmental Sciences, School of Earth & Environmental Sciences, Central University of Himachal Pradesh, Dharamshala-176215, Himachal Pradesh, India;2. School of Environmental Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Mehrauli Road-110067, New Delhi, India;3. Birbal Sahni Institute of Palaeosciences,53 University Road, Lucknow-226007, Uttar Pradesh, India |
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| Abstract: | This study focused on the determination of the toxic metal content of Liquid Crystal Displays (LCDs) present in various Waste Electrical and Electronic Equipment (WEEE). The main objective was the identification and quantification of toxic metals detected in LCD panels. An experimental procedure which involved dismantling, shredding, pulverization, digestion and chemical analysis was followed for the sorting, separation and analysis of LCD monitors from various electronic devices that are currently on the market. Nine selected devices were examined, originated from four different types of e-waste (WEEE); TVs, computers, mobile phones and tablets. Eleven metals were measured in all examined samples. In addition, concentration values of chromium (Cr), cadmium (Cd), lead (Pb) and mercury (Hg) were compared with the respective limits set by the RoHS 2002/95/EC Directive that was recently renewed by the 2012/19/EU recast. The comparison revealed that the examined toxic metals on LCD panels did not exceed the limits set by the European Union (EU). Furthermore, when results were compared to the TTLC regulatory limits it was revealed that in three samples As concentrations were higher than the limit. Finally, when the TCLP test was implemented the aforementioned samples did not exhibit proportionally elevated values in their leachates. |
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| Keywords: | WEEE Waste LCDs Toxic metals Arsenic 2012/19/EU Directive |
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