Establishment of an economic evaluation model for urban recycled water |
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| Institution: | 1. Canadian Natural Resources Ltd., Fort McMurray, Alberta T9H 3H5, Canada;2. Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2W2, Canada;1. Department of Transport Engineering, Urban and Regional Planning, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Spain;2. Department of Engineering, Polytechnic School, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy;3. Nottingham Transportation Engineering Centre, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK;1. Department of Medical Technology, Kumamoto Health Science University, 325 Izumi-machi, Kumamoto 861-5598, Japan;2. Sien-Lab, National Cancer Center Hospital, 5-1-1 Tsukiji, Chuo-ku, Tokyo 104-0045, Japan;3. Pharma Valley Center, 1007 Shimonagakubo, Nagaizumi-machi, Shuntougn, Shizuoka Prefecture 411-4777, Japan;4. Division of Genome Stability Research, National Cancer Center Research Institute, 5-1-1 Tsukiji, Chuo-ku, Tokyo 104-0045, Japan;1. Department of Traumatology and Acute Critical Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka 565-0871, Japan;2. Osaka Prefectural Nakakawachi Emergency and Critical Care Center, Osaka 578-0947, Japan;3. Division of Trauma and Surgical Critical Care, Osaka General Medical Center, Osaka 558-8558, Japan;4. Laboratory for Clinical Investigation, Osaka University Hospital, Osaka 565-0871, Japan;5. Laboratory of Human Immunology (Single Cell Genomics), WPI Immunology Research Center, Osaka University, Osaka 565-0871, Japan;6. Core Instrumentation Facility, Immunology Frontier Research Center and Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, Osaka 565-0871, Japan;7. Department of Respiratory Medicine and Clinical Immunology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka 565-0871, Japan;8. Genome Information Research Center, Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan;1. Department of Hematology, Lymphoma Center, Peking University, Third Hospital, Beijing, China;2. Department of Hematology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Beijing, China |
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| Abstract: | This study aimed at establishing an economic evaluation model to encourage continuing improvement in performance analysis and applying for any infrastructure system of urban recycled water. A thorough study towards characterization and economic performance assessment of urban water reuse scheme were carried out. An integrated evaluation technique was developed by synthesizing the quantitative and qualitative performance indicators related to the water recycled technology and urban water cycle system. Specific performance indicators and indexes were aggregated into an economic analytical modelling for effective evaluation of the water reuse scheme and technology using uniform economic performance standards. Detailed economic analyses were successfully applied to enable determination of economic lifetime of the technology and the whole water reuse scheme. This research confirmed that productivity, efficiency and reliability measurements and factors could be successfully deployed for determining the scheme performance during various life cycle stages (e.g. design development, operational and functional verification, or comparison with other reuse projects). The economic assessment model was applied to improve uniformity of analytical process and performance measure. This article demonstrates benefits associated with the application of a standardized methodology for performing economic assessment and by maintaining strong correlation between multi-parameter approach and adopted performance criteria in terms of productivity, efficiency and reliability. However, to ensure effectiveness of this assessment, the process would require systematic and perpetual inventory of the scheme performance data, consideration of variable factors such as capital and recurrent costs. |
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