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Developing a collaborative model for environmental planning and management
Authors:Steve Selin  Deborah Chevez
Institution:(1) Division of Forestry, West Virginia University, P.O. Box 6125, 26506-6125 Morgantown, West Virginia, USA;(2) Fores Fire Laboratory, USDA Forest Service, 4955 Canyon Crest Drive, 92507 California, Riverside, USA
Abstract:Methods for involving the public in natural resource management are changing as agencies adjust to an increasingly turbulent social and political environment. There is growing interest among managers and scholars in collaborative approaches to public involvement. Collaboration is conceptually defined and elaborated using examples from the natural resource management field. This paper then examines how collaboration theory from the organizational behavior field can help environmental managers to better understand those factors that facilitate and inhibit collaborative solutions to resource problems. A process-oriented model is presented that proposes that collaboration emerges out of an environmental context and then proceeds sequentially through a problem-setting, direction-setting, and structuring phase. Factors constraining collaboration are also specified, including organizational culture and power differentials. Designs for managing collaboration are identified, which include appreciative planning, joint agreements, dialogues, and negotiated settlements. Environmental managers need new skills to manage collaboration within a dynamic social and political environment. Further research is needed to test the propositions outlined here.
Keywords:Collaboration  Public involvement  Natural resources  Dispute resolution  Partnerships  Environmental management  Transactive planning  Communities of interest
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