Groundwater Vulnerability Assessment for Organic Compounds: Fuzzy Multicriteria Approach for Mexico City |
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Authors: | Marisa Mazari-Hiriart Gustavo Cruz-bello Luis A Bojórquez-tapia Lourdes Juárez-Marusich Georgina Alcantar-lópez Luis E Marín Ernesto Soto-Galera |
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Institution: | (1) Departamento de Ecología de la Biodiversidad Instituto de Ecología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México Tercer Circuito Exterior Ciudad Universitaria, Coyoacán, 04510, México, D.F., México;(2) Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Forestales, Agrícolas y Pecuarias, Carmen Coyoacán, 04110, México D.F., México;(3) Programa Universitario de Medio Ambiente Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México Circuito Exterior Ciudad Universitaria , Coyoacán, 04510, México, D.F., México;(4) Dirección General de Política Ambiental e Integración Regional y Sectorial, Secretaría de Medio Ambiente y Recursos Naturales, Tialpan, 14210, México, D.F., México;(5) Departamento de Recursos Naturales, Instituto de Geofísica Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México Circuito Exterior Ciudad Universitaria, Coyoacán, 04510, México, D.F., México;(6) Instituto Mexicano del Petróleo San Bartolo Atepehuacan, 07730, México, D.F., México |
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Abstract: | This study was based on a groundwater vulnerability assessment approach implemented for the Mexico City Metropolitan Area
(MCMA). The approach is based on a fuzzy multicriteria procedure integrated in a geographic information system. The approach
combined the potential contaminant sources with the permeability of geological materials. Initially, contaminant sources were
ranked by experts through the Analytic Hierarchy Process. An aggregated contaminant sources map layer was obtained through
the simple additive weighting method, using a scalar multiplication of criteria weights and binary maps showing the location
of each source. A permeability map layer was obtained through the reclassification of a geology map using the respective hydraulic
conductivity values, followed by a linear normalization of these values against a compatible scale. A fuzzy logic procedure
was then applied to transform and combine the two map layers, resulting in a groundwater vulnerability map layer of five classes:
very low, low, moderate, high, and very high. Results provided a more coherent assessment of the policy-making priorities
considered when discussing the vulnerability of groundwater to organic compounds. The very high and high vulnerability areas
covered a relatively small area (71 km2 or 1.5% of the total study area), allowing the identification of the more critical locations. The advantage of a fuzzy logic
procedure is that it enables the best possible use to be made of the information available regarding groundwater vulnerability
in the MCMA. |
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Keywords: | Analytic hierarchy process Aquifer Contamination Geographic information System Organic compounds Megacity |
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