Acid Deposition and Integrated Zoning Control in China |
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Authors: | WEI LI JIXI GAO |
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Institution: | (1) State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation & Pollution Control, Institute of Environmental Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China, CN;(2) Institute of Ecological Environment, China Academy for Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China, CN |
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Abstract: | China's rapidly growing economy is coupled with the consumption of large amounts of coal. An energy mix dominated by coal
and inefficient energy utilization processes have led to increasingly serious problems of acid rain and sulfur dioxide pollution.
Moreover, trends in the emissions of acidifying air pollutants lead to predictions of a very serious acid deposition problem
in the future. In the absence of mitigating actions, these trends foretell a future of increasingly detrimental impacts to
ecosystems in China and, potentially, to ecosystems in neighboring countries. China has implemented a two control zone (TCZ)
policy, resulting in the establishment of acid rain and sulfur dioxide control zones, in an attempt to implement a cost-effective
approach to mitigating acid deposition problems. While some short-term successes have resulted from management actions associated
with the TCZ policy, it is clear additional measures and new policy directions are needed to reverse worsening acid deposition
problems in the long term. To this end the following recommendations are presented: adjusting the primary energy mix, placing
a greater emphasis on abating the effects of acid deposition, concentrating pollution control on large point sources, implementing
an emission permit system for coal-fired power plants, utilizing an integrated approach in designing and evaluating control
measures, and developing a greater research capacity. Research strategies must be developed that will lead to: (1) an improved
scientific understanding of the sources of acidifying pollutants, their associated migration patterns, and their impacts;
and (2) an identification of cost-effective mitigating strategies for the entire country. |
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Keywords: | : China Acid deposition Zoning control Abatement policy Sulfur emission |
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