Towards an Integrated Approach to Natural Hazards Risk Assessment Using GIS: With Reference to Bushfires |
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Authors: | KEPING CHEN RUSSELL BLONG CAROL JACOBSON |
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Institution: | (1) Risk Frontiers–Natural Hazards Research Centre, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW 2109, Australia, AU;(2) Department of Physical Geography, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW 2109, Australia, AU |
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Abstract: | This paper develops a GIS-based integrated approach to risk assessment in natural hazards, with reference to bushfires. The
challenges for undertaking this approach have three components: data integration, risk assessment tasks, and risk decision-making.
First, data integration in GIS is a fundamental step for subsequent risk assessment tasks and risk decision-making. A series
of spatial data integration issues within GIS such as geographical scales and data models are addressed. Particularly, the
integration of both physical environmental data and socioeconomic data is examined with an example linking remotely sensed
data and areal census data in GIS. Second, specific risk assessment tasks, such as hazard behavior simulation and vulnerability
assessment, should be undertaken in order to understand complex hazard risks and provide support for risk decision-making.
For risk assessment tasks involving heterogeneous data sources, the selection of spatial analysis units is important. Third,
risk decision-making concerns spatial preferences and/or patterns, and a multicriteria evaluation (MCE)-GIS typology for risk
decision-making is presented that incorporates three perspectives: spatial data types, data models, and methods development.
Both conventional MCE methods and artificial intelligence-based methods with GIS are identified to facilitate spatial risk
decision-making in a rational and interpretable way. Finally, the paper concludes that the integrated approach can be used
to assist risk management of natural hazards, in theory and in practice. |
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Keywords: | : Natural hazards Risk assessment Geographical information systems Integrated approach Bushfires |
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