Application of Biochemical and Physiological Indicators for Assessing Recovery of Fish Populations in a Disturbed Stream |
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Authors: | S Marshall Adams Kenneth D Ham |
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Institution: | (1) Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA;(2) Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, PO Box 999, Richland, WA 99352, USA |
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Abstract: | Recovery dynamics in a previously disturbed stream were investigated to determine the influence of a series of remedial actions
on stream recovery and to evaluate the potential application of bioindicators as an environmental management tool. A suite
of bioindicators, representing five different functional response groups, were measured annually for a sentinel fish species
over a 15 year period during which a variety of remedial and pollution abatement actions were implemented. Trends in biochemical,
physiological, condition, growth, bioenergetic, and nutritional responses demonstrated that the health status of a sentinel
fish species in the disturbed stream approached that of fish in the reference stream by the end of the study. Two major remedial
actions, dechlorination and water flow management, had large effects on stream recovery resulting in an improvement in the
bioenergetic, disease, nutritional, and organ condition status of the sentinel fish species. A subset of bioindicators responded
rather dramatically to temporal trends affecting all sites, but some indicators showed little response to disturbance or to
restoration activities. In assessing recovery of aquatic systems, application of appropriate integrative structural indices
along with a variety of sensitive functional bioindicators should be used to understand the mechanistic basis of stress and
recovery and to reduce the risk of false positives. Understanding the mechanistic processes involved between stressors, stress
responses of biota, and the recovery dynamics of aquatic systems reduces the uncertainty involved in environmental management
and regulatory decisions resulting in an increased ability to predict the consequences of restoration and remedial actions
for aquatic systems. |
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