Emergy Evaluation of the Natural Value of Water Resources in Chinese Rivers |
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Authors: | Dan Chen Jing Chen Zhaohui Luo Zhuwu Lv |
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Institution: | (1) College of Agricultural Engineering, Hohai University, Nanjing, 210098, China;(2) Interdisciplinary Graduate School of Medicine and Engineering, Department of Natural, Biotic and Social Environment Engineering, University of Yamanashi, Kofu, Japan;(3) Yiwu City Water Resources Bureau, Yiwu, 322000, China |
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Abstract: | Emergy theory and method were used to evaluate the economy of China and the contributions of water resources in Chinese rivers
to the real wealth of the Chinese economy. The water cycle and energy conversion were reviewed, and an emergy method for evaluating
the natural value of water resources in a river watershed was developed. The indices for China calculated from the emergy
evaluation were close to those of developing countries. Despite a small surplus in its balance of payments, China had a net
emergy loss from its trade in 2002. The efficiency of Chinese natural resource use was still not high and did not match its
economic growth rate. Furthermore, the Chinese economy placed a stress on its ecological environment and natural resources.
Several indices of Chinese rivers from the emergy evaluation were close to those of average global river water. The main average
indices of Chinese rivers were transformity (4.17 × 104 sej/J), emergy per volume (2.05 × 1011 sej/m3), and emdollar per volume (0.06 $/m3). The total value of all the rivers’ water made up 13.0% of the GDP of China in 2002, and that of water consumption accounted
for 2.1%. The value of the water resources in the Haihe-luanhe River (11.39 × 104 sej/J) was the highest, followed by the Yellow River (10.27 × 104 sej/J), while the rivers in Southwest China had the lowest values (2.92 × 104 sej/J). |
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Keywords: | Emergy Evaluate Water resources Value Rivers |
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