对生态补偿政策的几点思考

建立生态补偿政策是实现“三个转变”和制度创新的需要。环境资源价值理论、经济外部性理论和公共产品理论是生态补偿政策的理论基础;“破坏者付费,保护者受益原则”、“受益者补偿原则”、“公平性原则”、“政府主导、市场推进原则”和“分步推进”是生态补偿的基本原则。目前,我国事实的生态补偿政策主要包括财政补偿、流域内部补偿、征收生态环境补偿税费、市场方式补偿、异地开发补偿和国家间补偿。中国的生态补偿政策存在观念障碍、法律障碍、技术障碍,需要采取有效措施,尽快完善我国的生态补偿政策。

Reflections on Ecological Compensation Policy

The achievement of "Three Diversion" and system innovation demand to construct ecological compensation policy.The theoretical basis of ecological compensation is the theory of environmental resource values,economic external and community product.The basic principles are: "Destroyer pays off and protector benefits","Beneficiary compensates","Fair principle","Lead by government and promoted by market" and "Promoting step by step".At present,ecological compensation policy in China mainly includes: financial compensation,compensation within the river basin,imposing tax on eco-environmental compensation,compensation by market,compensation on developing outside and compensation between different countries.Ecological compensation in China has many problems: concept,law and technical obstacles,so we must take measures as soon as possible to perfect ecological compensation policy in China.