美国环保署农药地下水风险评估模型

在介绍美国农药环境风险评估的概念、分级、地下水农药监测情况及水资源的立法保护等基础上,重点阐述了美国环保署在农药登记管理过程中使用的2个地下水风险评估模型,即SCI-GROW和PRZM-GW模型。SCI-GROW是以好氧条件土壤半衰期和土壤有机碳分配系数为自变量的经验线性回归模型,而PRZM-GW则是描述农药在土壤中运动的一维、有限差分模型。本文通过对美国环保署这2个特点鲜明的模型的介绍,希望能为我国的农药地下水风险评估及模型的开发提供一个新视角。

The Groundwater Risk Assessment Models for Pesticide for USEPA

Groundwater risk assessment of pesticide in the USA is characteristic. A profile of the groundwater risk assessment of pesticide in the USA was introduced,including the concepts and the tiers of the groundwater risk assessment,the results of groundwater monitoring,the legislations of water resource protection,and etc. The groundwater risk assessment models,SCI-GROW and PRZM-GW,which are used in pesticide management by USEPA were elaborated. SCI-GROW is an empirical linear regression model that takes aerobic soil metabolism half-life and soil organic carbon partition coefficient as the independent variables. PRZM-GW is a one-dimensional,finite-difference model. The paper aims to provide new vision in groundwater risk assessment of pesticide for developing our own models that fit China ′s agricultural practice and pesticide application.