“无废城市”建设推进政策及措施的国别比较研究

“无废城市”建设已经成为应对城市固体废物（以下简称“固废”）管理挑战的国际趋势,我国也启动了“无废城市”建设试点工作。本文介绍了国际“无废城市”实践的背景和发展趋势,对我国和其他高收入国家的“无废城市”相关政策和具体实施方案进行了对比分析。分析结果表明,“无废城市”的推进政策与实施措施存在国别差异,我国的“无废城市”采纳了“问题导向”的推进策略,而高收入国家则是“目标导向”。最后对进一步推进我国“无废城市”建设试点工作提出了四点建议。

Comparative Analysis on the Policies and Initiatives for Promoting Zero-Waste Cities in China and Other Developed Countries

Working towards "Zero Waste" has become an international trend in order to cope with the severe challenges of solid waste pollution that many cities are facing. China has also launched the "Zero-Waste City" pilot program as one of the important tasks for preventing the solid waste pollution. This paper introduces the background and development of worldwide "Zero-Waste Cities", and conducts a comparative analysis on the macro-level policies, as well as the implementation plans of selected cases of "Zero-Waste Cities" in China and other high-income countries.The results show that the challenges of solid waste management differ between China and those high-income countries, leading to the country-specific differences in policies and initiatives for promoting the implementation of "Zero-Waste Cities". China has adopted a "problem-oriented" strategy to design the policies and implementation plans, while other high-income countries adopted the "goal-oriented" approach. This paper also provides four suggestions for the future improvement of China''s "Zero-Waste City" pilot program.