我国区域空气污染治理效率及其影响机制——基于超效率SBM模型和门槛回归模型

随着人民对美好生活需求的日益增长,政府空气污染治理的效率问题日益得到重视。本文从地方政府空气污染治理效率及其影响因素的视角入手,以全国30个省份为研究对象,运用超效率SBM模型测算2003—2015年各省级区域的空气污染治理效率。在此基础上,运用门槛回归模型分析政府空气污染治理效率的影响机制。研究表明:①地区间空气污染治理效率差异性较为显著。中部、西部空气污染治理效率整体呈下降趋势。东部和东北地区空气污染治理效率则上升比较平稳。②政策规划、碳源、污染物排放和环境治理投入表现出双重门槛特征,其中碳源对空气污染治理效率影响显著,而以碳为首的能源消费结构则主要对中部和西部空气污染治理效率产生影响。落后地区政府应注重产业升级,财政上应对碳税等税目进行征收,产业上应鼓励企业创新,并对落后企业进行倒逼升级。

Efficiency and Influencing Mechanism of Regional Air Pollution Governance in China——Based on the Super SBM and the Threshold Regression Model

With the increasing demand of people for a better life, the efficiency of air pollution governance by local governments has gradually gained attention. Starting from the perspective of local governments'' air pollution governance efficiency and its influencing mechanism, the governance efficiency of 30 provinces in China from 2003 to 2015 is measured by using the Super SBM model in this article. On the basis of that, the threshold regression model is used to analyze the influencing mechanism of local governments'' air pollution governance efficiency. The results show that there is obvious regional differences. The efficiency has a downward trend on the whole in the central and western regions. However, the efficiency in the eastern and northeast regions has steady increased. Double threshold character appears in the relation of policy planning, carbon sources, pollutant emissions, and environmental governance input. Among them, carbon sources have a significant impact on efficiency. The energy consumption structure led by carbon mainly affects the air governance efficiency in the central and western regions. The backward regional governments should pay attention to the industrial upgrade and development. In terms of finance, collecting the tax items such as carbon tax. For industry, encouraging enterprises to innovate and upgrade backward enterprises.