关于革除滥食野生动物陋习决定的解读

为了预防公共卫生风险、保护生态环境,全国人大常委会于2020年2月通过了《关于全面禁止非法野生动物交易、革除滥食野生动物陋习、切实保障人民群众生命健康安全的决定》(以下简称《决定》)。《决定》通过黑名单和白名单明确了禁食野生动物范围和可食动物范围、人工繁育的特殊情形,从猎捕、交易、运输、食用环节全过程开展监管和协调执法。本文深入剖析了《决定》出台的意义和目的、《决定》的主要内容和亮点,并提出了贯彻落实《决定》的措施建议。建议科学制定国家级畜禽遗传资源保护名录和国家水产品遗传资源保护名录;建立全国统一的执法信息平台和违法举报平台,建立执法考核制度和问责办法;持续提供相应保障;加强国际合作和公众参与。

Analysis and Discussion on the Decision of Abolishing the Bad Habit of Eating Wildlife Mindlessly

In order to prevent public health risk and to protect the ecological environment,the Standing Committee of the National People’s Congress passed the decision to abolish the bad habit of eating wildlife mindlessly in February 2020.The“Decision”defined the range of wildlife fasted and animals that can be eaten through blacklist and whitelist,stipulated special conditions for captive breeding,and carried out supervision and coordinated law enforcement in the whole process of hunting,trading,transporting,and eating.The significance and purpose of launching the decision,its main contents and highlights were clarified in this paper.The measures for the implementation of the“Decision”were proposed,including that the“List of National Livestock and Poultry Genetic Resources Protection”and the“List of National Aquatic Product Genetic Resources Protection”should be formulated scientifically,a unified national law enforcement information platform and illegal reporting platform should be established,as well as to establish law enforcement assessment system and accountability measures,to strengthen international cooperation and public participation.