面向新时期流域管理的控制单元划分方法设计与应用

科学划分控制单元是实现流域水环境精准、高效管理的重要基础。为满足新时期中国流域系统治理和“三水”统筹的新要求、新任务，设计建立了一种新的控制单元划分技术方法，将中国重点流域划分为3442个断面控制单元和822个流域控制单元。基于控制单元划分成果，进一步构建了包含流域—流域控制单元—断面控制单元—控制断面—水功能区5个层级逐步细化的流域空间管控体系。实际案例分析与论证表明，新的流域空间管控体系能有效促进流域水环境管理各项措施落地，可进一步推动流域治理科学化、精细化、差异化，并为“三水”统筹提供决策支持。

Design and Application of Control Unit Division Method for Watershed Environmental Management in China in the New Era

Appropriately dividing control units is critical for accurate and efficient management of the watershed environment. To meet the new requirement of watershed systematic governance and integration of water resources, water ecology and water environment in the new era, a new technical method for dividing control units in China was proposed. The results showed that 3442 section control units and 822 watershed control units were divided across the mainland of China. Based on these results, a preliminary concept of watershed spatial management system with five levels was proposed, including watershed, watershed control unit, section control unit, control section and water function zone. The actual case analysis and demonstration showed that the new watershed spatial management system could effectively promote the implementation of various watershed environmental management measures, and provide decision-making support for promoting the scientific, refined, and differentiated watershed environmental management and the integrated management of the water ecological and environmental system.