土壤环境质量管理体系构建的战略思考

经过数十年的努力,国家土壤环境质量管理体系正在从无到有,从弱到强,从偏到正,在国家环境质量管理体系中的地位越来越显著。在土壤环境质量管理体系中,土壤环境质量是体系的决策核心和实现目标,是衡量实施力度和保障措施的直接标尺;政府主导、企业担责、公众参与、市场调节是土壤环境质量管理体系的组织执行主体,共同开启了"四元共治"的局面;法律完善、风险管控、高效实施、强力监管、科技应用是实现土壤环境质量改善、土壤环境质量体系完善的保障手段。本文旨在根据土壤环境质量保护历程和基础理论,从决策核心、执行主体、保障手段三个层面提出了土壤环境质量管理体系的建设构想,在新的形势下,土壤环境质量管理体系的构建更需要统筹规划和创新设计。

Strategic Thinking on Building the Management System of Soil Environmental Quality

After decades of efforts, the National Soil Environmental Quality Management System has been come from nothing, from weak to strong, from the partial to the positive. Its position is getting more significant in the National Environmental Quality Management System. In the Soil Environmental Quality Management System, the soil environmental quality is the core of decision-making and the target of the system. It is also a direct ruler of the implementation efforts and safeguard measures. The main body of organization executive in Soil Environmental Quality Management System is government-led, companies bear responsibility, public participation and market regulation, which created a "co-governance of four elements". The guarantee methods for the improvement of soil environmental quality and soil environmental quality system include legal perfection, risk management, efficient implementation, strong regulation and technology application.The article aims to present ideas for how to build the National Soil Environmental Quality Management System from three levels according to the process of protecting the soil environmental quality and basic theory. Under the new situation, the building of soil environmental quality management system needs overall planning and innovative design.