中国生态环境质量与经济协同发展研究

经济发展与生态环境保护相协调、双赢是生态文明建设的核心,也是生态文明的基本特征。本研究使用生态质量、环境质量以及经济发展指标构建协同发展指数,评估我国337个地级及以上城市2017年的生态环境质量与经济发展的协同度,按照评估结果将337个城市分为协同增长、金色污染、绿色贫困和拮抗发展4种类型。评估结果显示,2017年中国经济发展指数优于生态环境质量。其中,金色污染类型城市数量最多（122个,占总面积的21.89%）;绿色贫困类型城市面积占比最大（76个,占总面积的32.86%）;拮抗发展类型城市65个,占总面积的30.26%;协同增长类型城市74个,占总面积的14.99%。通过量化生态环境质量与经济发展的协同程度,以期为生态文明建设和“绿水青山就是金山银山”理念实践提供科学理论支撑。

Research on the Coordinated Development of Ecological Environment Quality and Economy in China

The construction of ecological civilization has become the common action plan of the whole Party and the people in China. The coordinated development of ecology and economy, and the win-win situation of economy and ecology are the core of the construction of ecological civilization and the basic characteristics of ecological civilization. This study used ecological quality, environmental quality, and economic development indicators to construct a synergistic development index, and evaluated the degree of coordination between eco-environmental quality (EEQ) and economic development (ED) in 337 prefecture-level and above cities in China in 2017. The cities were classified into four development types, which were "synergetic growth" with high ED and EEQ; "golden pollution" with high ED, but low EEQ; "green poverty" with high EEQ, but low ED; and "antagonistic growth" with low ED and EEQ. The evaluation showed that, on average, the degree of economic development was higher than eco-environmental quality in China in 2017. The "golden pollution" group had the most cities (122 cities, 21.89% land area), followed by "green poverty" (76 cities, 32.86% land area), "synergetic growth" (74 cities, 14.99% land area), and "antagonistic development" (65 cities, 30.26% land area). By quantifying the coordination degree of ecological environment quality and economic development, this study provides scientific theoretical support for the construction of ecological civilization and the theory of "lucid waters and lush mountains are invaluable assets" theory, which is of great significance to the construction of ecological civilization in China.