碳达峰目标下的汽车颗粒物排放及控制

汽车产业碳达峰目标的确定加速了汽车电动化转型的步伐。随着电动汽车逐年增多，由制动磨损、轮胎与路面磨损、路面扬尘等产生的非尾气排放颗粒物污染防治越来越受到重视。汽车尾气排放颗粒物主要由燃烧产生，位置与形式相对单一；而非尾气排放颗粒物主要由摩擦副摩擦产生，位置分散，成分复杂。虽然电动汽车近年来发展迅猛，并且多年来的尾气排放治理已使得尾气颗粒物排放处于较低水平，但传统燃油车保有量仍占有绝对优势，在突出和加快非尾气颗粒物排放控制的同时，尾气颗粒物排放依然需要引起足够重视。本文建议，在延续尾气排放治理经验基础之上，进一步从政策法规、工程技术、交通管理三个方面着眼，多角度协同控制，加强汽车颗粒物排放控制。

Particulate Emission and Control of Automobiles Under the Goal of Carbon Peak

The determination of the carbon peak goal of the automotive industry has accelerated the pace of automotive electrification transformation. With the increase of electric vehicles year by year, more and more attention has been paid to the non-exhaust emission particulate produced by brake wear, tire and road wear, road dust and so on. Automotive exhaust particulate is mainly produced by combustion, and its location and form are relatively single. The non-exhaust particulate is mainly produced by the friction of friction pair, with dispersed position and complex composition. Although electric vehicles have developed rapidly in recent years, and the exhaust emission control over the years has made the exhaust particulate matter emission at a low level, the ownership of traditional fuel vehicles still has an absolute advantage. While highlighting and accelerating the control of non-exhaust particulate emission, the exhaust particulate still needs to be paid enough attention. On the basis of continuing the experience of exhaust emission control, further consider comprehensively from the three aspects of policies and regulations, engineering technology and traffic management should be taken, coordinate control from multiple perspectives, and strengthen the control of vehicle particulate matter emissions.