基于排污许可的环境标准制度改革完善研究

排污许可制度是固定点源环境管理的基础核心制度,政府以排污许可证为载体,对固定污染源的污染物排放限值、排污行为等进行许可,以排放标准的要求作为基本依据,并以环境质量标准为依据,对非达标区实施更为严格的排污许可限制。然而,现有的部分行业排放标准由于制定时间较早、科学技术支撑方法不足、与环境质量改善难以挂钩等问题,难以满足新排污许可证制度改革要求。本文在研究现行环境标准体系对排污许可制度的支撑作用与相互关系的基础上,研究了基于排污许可制的排放标准存在的主要问题,并以健全排污许可制度的环境标准支撑为目的,提出了现行环境标准体系的完善和修订建议。

Reform Strategies of Environmental Standards System Based on Permits

The permit of pollutant discharged is an important carrier and the main thread running through environmental surveillance system of the stationary sources. The governments permit to stationary sources using the requirements of the emission standards as a baseline. And based on environmental quality standards, non-compliance area implement more stringent control of pollutant emissions. However, the emission standards in partial industry are laid down earlier, lack of support methods for science and technology, and hard to hook on the environmental quality, which can''t keep up with the requirements of the permit reform. Based on the study of the relationship between the environmental standard system and the permit system, the problems in the emission standards are found out, reform strategies and revised recommendations of environmental standards system based on permits of pollutant discharged are put forward in the end.