农村宅基地制度创新与理论解释——江苏省江都市的实证研究

本研究采用定量研究方法,建立农村宅基地制度创新模型,研究数据来源于江都市3县30个村的实地调查,主要是分析农村宅基地制度的创新过程和诱导因素,为国家引导和制定合理的宅基地制度提供理论依据。研究结果表明,20世纪90年代以来,以江都市为代表的农村宅基地制度逐渐从无偿、无流动向有偿、有流动演变,宅基地产权权能日益完善。影响农村宅基地制度创新的主要因素是农村土地资源短缺程度、土地开发利用状况、区位条件、各主体经济状况(主要是农民人均纯收入的增加)、人力资本以及政策等因素。鉴于此,在未来的宅基地制度创新过程中要注重研究宅基地要素相对价格变化趋势,选择宅基地制度创新方向;提高农民文化水平,加快人力资本建设,提高其可行能力;以及积极发挥政策的诱导和支持作用。

Homestead System Innovation and Its Theoretical Explanation——Take Jiangdu as an Example

Based on the investigation in 30 villages,this paper constructs a model of homestead system innovation and uses quantitative research method to reveal the rules and inducing factors of homestead system innovation,which can provide theoretical basis for reforming and perfecting homestead system innovation.It is found that,since the 1990s homestead system has changed from free,no flow to compensation and flowing.The property of homestead system becomes more perfect.Shortage of rural land resources,land utilization,geographic condition,economic condition,human capital and policies are the important factors which influence homestead system innovation.Therefore we should pay attention to the change of homestead’s relative price,strengthen the construction of farmer’s human capital,play an induction and support role in future homestead system innovation.