基于WTP-DEA方法的中国工业经济-环境效率评价

文章为了全面分析评价中国工业近年来的效率发展情况,在经济效率评价的基础上,将工业的环境影响引入到评价体系中,采用超效率DEA评价方法,利用中国工业的基础经济与环境数据,结合社会支付意愿理论,对2000-2008年的中国工业进行了经济-环境效率测算,揭示了中国工业经济-环境效率的总体情况和发展趋势。文章在DEA效率评价过程中提出了新的解决环境非期望产出的方法,利用社会支付意愿理论将工业的环境排放和资源消耗货币化,并将货币化后的环境影响作为DEA模型中的工业环境投入,以此消除了DEA方法在工业经济-环境效率评价中存在的局限性;此外文章以社会支付意愿作为各环境影响的权重,可以更合理地反映工业的环境影响程度,提高效率评价的准确性。文章通过对比不同模型的评价结果,一方面反映出2000-2008年中国工业的经济-环境效率呈现逐年提高的良好态势,另一方面也反映出虽然中国工业的环境影响逐年恶化,但相对于经济因素其对中国工业效率的影响程度尚不十分显著,且近年来在正面影响与负面影响间波动。

Assessment on Economic-Environmental Efficiency of China' s IndustryBased on WTP-DEA Method

In order to comprehensively analyze the efficiency development of China’s industry in recent years,this article introduces environmental impacts of industry into evaluation system on the basis of assessment of economic efficiency.Utilizing fundamental economic and environmental data of China’s industry combined with the theory of Social Willingness to Pay,the SE-DEA(Super-efficiency Data Envelopment Analysis) evaluation method is adopted to calculate the economic-environmental efficiency of China’s industry of year 2000-2008,indicating the overall status and developing tendency of economic-environmental efficiency.The new method proposed in the process of DEA efficiency evaluation to cope with unexpected environmental outputs monetizes industrial environmental emission and resource consumption based on the theory of social willingness to pay,and takes monetized environmental impacts as industrial environmental input in DEA evaluation model,eliminating the deficiency of DEA method when used to evaluate the economic-environmental efficiency of industry.Furthermore,taking as the weighting of each environmental factor will better reflect the extent of environmental impact by industry,improving the accuracy of efficiency assessment.Through comparative study of outcomes generated by different evaluation models,it indicates on one hand that economic-environmental efficiency of China’s industry of year 2000-2008 is presenting a favorable increasing trend;on the other hand although the environmental impact of China’s industry is deteriorating year by year,its influence on efficiency of China’s industry are not such significant compared with impact by economic factors,and it fluctuates between positive and negative impact in recent years.