中国城市温室气体清单研究

介绍城市温室气体排放特征和国际城市温室气体清单研究进展,研究了全球城市化和城市CO2排放的强正相关性,以及中国城市清单方法研究起步较早但发展缓慢的特点。分析了城市温室气体清单相对国家清单的特征,即城市清单编制往往采用消费模式,区别于国家清单的生产模式;国际城市清单中往往包括了由于外调电和供暖产生的CO2排放,同时城市温室气体清单编制灵活性和针对性更强。针对我国城市温室气体清单研究的不足,提出了我国城市温室气体清单方法,强调中国城市采用尺度1+尺度2的范围,暂不考虑尺度3的范围,即生产+消费的混合模式,并且在城市市域温室气体排放研究的基础上,加强狭义城市温室气体排放水平的研究。选择北京市和纽约市,对比分析了两个城市CO2排放特征,结果显示,在确定的清单体系下,北京市和纽约市具有较好的可比性。纽约市的总排放量(尺度1+尺度2)略低于北京市排放量,人均排放量略高于北京市。

Research on Greenhouse Gas Emissions Inventory in the Cities of China

This paper discussed the characteristics and trends of cities greenhouse gases(GHG) emission and reviewed the GHG inventory of the cities as well.The significant relationship between global urbanization and CO2 emissions were indentified.The study of cities GHG inventory in China started early but lag behind in recently years.The significant differences of the methodology between the national inventory and city inventory were a major finding through a comparative analysis.Instead of production based method for national inventory,cities inventory is mostly consumption based,which considers CO2 emissions from the electricity and heat supplied outside the cities.City inventory is also project focused and more flexible.Pointed out the insufficiency of cities’ GHG inventory in China,a system inventory model(scope1+ scope2,not include scope3,similar to a hybrid method) as well as principles and boundaries were proposed for China.The emission of city proper was emphasized and strongly recommended.Beijing Municipality and New York were selected for applying new city GHG inventory method.The results showed good comparability between these two cities under our new inventory system.The total CO2 emissions(scope1+ scope2) of New York were lower than Beijing and per capita emissions were higher than Beijing.