甘南黄河水源补给区生态补偿农户参与意愿分析

生态补偿是非常有效的解决世界生态问题的政策工具集,农户作为生态补偿项目的实施主体,其参与意愿直接影响生态补偿项目的实施绩效和可持续性。甘南黄河水源补给区承担重要的生态服务功能,属国家级限制开发区,自2003年开始,实施退牧还草等生态工程。在此背景下,通过实地调研,运用二项Logistic模型进行分析,得出以下结论:①甘南黄河水源补给区农牧民对生态补偿项目的认知水平很低,主要是客观条件限制和政府宣传力度不足所致;②受生产方式的影响,甘南黄河水源补给区内,农区农户的生态补偿参与意愿强于半农半牧区、纯牧区;③对甘南黄河水源补给区农户生态补偿参与意愿影响最显著因素是农户对现行退牧还草政策的满意度,其次为农户家庭年收入、牲畜存栏数、退牧还草政策实施后的收入变化及其对生态补偿项目的支持度,再次为农牧民对生态补偿的了解度及其环境意识。基于此,提出了进一步完善生态补偿政策、提高农户参与意愿的措施,为进一步完善生态补偿机制提供借鉴。

Analysis on Farmers’ Willingness to Participate in Ecological Compensation—A Case of the Yellow River Water Supply Area of Gannan

Ecological compensation is quite an effective policy tool made to solve the world’s ecological problems.As to farmers,the main subject,their willingness to participate in ecological compensation directly decides its accomplishment efficiency and sustainability.The Yellow River water supply area in Gannan,taking an important part in ecological service,is a limited development zone of the nation.Since 2003,ecological projects,like the returning grazing land to grassland project,have been carryied out.Based on such a setting,through field research and binary logistic model analysis,at following conclusions are drawn: 1) In the Yellow River water supply area of Gannan,the little knowledge of farmers and herdsmen about ecological compensation projects mainly lies in the limitation of objective conditions and inadequate publicity of the government.2) Influenced by the mode of production,farmers in the Yellow River water supply area of Gannan are much more willing to participate in the program than those in semi-agricultural and semi-pastoral areas and in pure pastoral areas.3) What affects farmers’ willingness most in the area is the level of farmers’ satisfaction to the current policy of returning grazing land to grassland.Next is the family’s yearly income,livestock quantity,the improvement of income after the recovery policy,and the supportive degree of ecological compensation.And the third is farmers’ cognition of ecological compensation and their environmental awareness.On account of all the above,further measures on improving the ecological compensation mechanism and famers’ participation willingness are put forward,trying to provide further improvement of ecological compensation for reference.