基于耦合关系的中国区域土地利用效益水平测度

新时期,土地利用的属性决定了土地利用能同时产生社会经济效益与生态环境效益,而这两种效益的交互耦合进一步决定了土地利用的整体效益。本研究建立了土地利用的社会经济效益与生态环境效益的耦合模型,设计了分别测度这两种效益的指标体系,用熵值赋权法计算了各指标的权重,进而计算了中国31个省(市、自治区)土地利用中这两种效益的系数及其耦合协调发展系数。结果显示:第一类地区是我国社会经济与生态环境均较好的上海市;第二类地区主要是社会经济发展较好但生态环境建设相对滞后的地区;第三类是生态环境较好但社会经济发展相对滞后的地区;第四类是社会经济发展相对滞后但生态环境建设更为落后的地区;第五类是生态环境建设滞后但社会经济发展更为落后的地区。最后,对每一个类型的成因和未来发展思路作了说明,在此基础上,又说明了中国土地利用的整体效益仍较为有限、整体效益表现出较为明显的区域分布特征、社会经济与生态环境的协调发展已成为提高我国土地利用效益的现实选择等基本政策含义。

Measurement on the Benefits of Regional Land Use in China Based on Coupling Relationship

In the new period,the attributes of land use can generate both socio-economic and eco-environmental benefits at the same time,and the interactive coupling of these benefits decides the total benefits of land use.This paper established the coupling model of land use benefits and designed the indexes system that can reflect these benefits.After that,by using entropy weighting approach,the author calculated the weightings of each index,the socio-economic and eco-environment coupling coefficients,and also the coordination development coefficients of 31 provinces in China.The results show that Shanghai is in the first category which is the best area with socio-economy and eco-environment;the second category contains the provinces which are strong in socio-economy comparatively,but lag behind in eco-environment;the third category contains the provinces which are strong in eco-environment comparatively,but lag behind in socio-economy;the fourth category contains provinces which lag behind in socio-economy comparatively,but are even worse in the eco-environment;the fifth category contains the provinces which lag behind eco-environment comparatively,and are still worse in the socio-economy.At last,the author explained the reasons and developing orientations of each type,and also the basic conclusions of the evaluation:(1)the overall benefits level of land use in China is limited.(2)The whole benefits have an obvious regional distribution feature.(3)The practical choice of promoting land use benefits in China are the coordination of the socio-economy and eco-environment.