21世纪以来中国产业扶贫研究脉络与主题谱系

反贫困历来是发展研究中的最重要议题之一,尤其是进入21世纪以来,产业扶贫已日趋成为具有中国特色的反贫工作重心任务,受到学界和社会的热切关注,因此有必要对其研究脉络与热点主题等内容进行深入探索,以更好地促进产业扶贫实践的发展。本研究以2000—2015年间CNKI数据库收录的1 982篇产业扶贫研究的期刊论文为样本,采用文献计量分析法和可视化知识网络分析工具Cite Space,首先对中国产业扶贫研究总体现状进行了概述,然后着重分析了产业扶贫研究历经的四个演进阶段:初创期、探索期、爆发期和深化期,并描述了研究的整体发展脉络所沿着的四条轨迹,即产业扶贫主体由政府主导逐渐演变为政府主导、市场力量和社会参与并重;扶贫对象由农村贫困地区和人口逐步转向城市贫困人口,农村和城市扶贫两者并重;扶贫渠道由财政资金扶持逐步扩散到科技扶贫、智力扶贫、旅游扶贫等多元化方式;扶贫思路由农村推进向城市扶贫过渡,再到协调区域发展的精准扶贫战略。在此基础上挖掘和探讨了当前研究的热点主题,包括产业扶贫的发展历程、内涵与理论基础、模式与机制、现实困境与对策,以及经济效应等五个方面。最后指出当前研究成果在理论深度与体系构建、实践模式提炼、研究视角和地域、实证研究方法等方面存在不足,并提出了未来重点研究方向需要从高度重视产业扶贫与精准扶贫和参与式治理之间的内在逻辑,加快推进产业扶贫的本土化特色研究,以及鼓励跨学科视角的研究、注重规范研究与实证研究的协同三大方面展开探索。

The Research context and theme content of Chinese industrial poverty alleviation since 21st century

Anti-poverty has always been one of the most important topics of researches on development.Especially since the 21st century,industrial poverty alleviation has gradually become a key anti-poverty task with Chinese characteristics which is extensively concerned by the society and the academic world.Therefore,it's essential to delve into the research context and hot topics,etc.so as to promote the development of industrial poverty alleviation more effectively.With 1,982 domestic journal articles on industrial poverty alleviation collected by the CNKI database from 2000 to 2015 as the sample,the paper applies the bibliometric method and CiteSpace,a visualized knowledge network analysis tool,to make an overview on the overall situation of domestic researches on industrial poverty alleviation in the first place.Then,the paper focuses on analyzing the four evolution stages experienced by domestic researches on industrial poverty alleviation,i.e.the initial period,the exploration period,the outbreak period and the deepening period,and describes the four tracks along which the researches have developed,i.e.the subject of industrial poverty alleviation has gradually evolved from government domination to government domination,market force and social participation with equal emphasis;the object of poverty alleviation has gradually shifted from poor rural areas and population to urban poor population,with equal emphasis on rural and urban poverty alleviation;the poverty alleviation channel has gradually expanded from financial support to poverty alleviation with technology,intelligence and tourism,etc.;the train of thought is the targeted poverty alleviation by transiting from rural poverty alleviation to urban poverty alleviation and harmonizing regional economic development.On this basis,the hot topics of current researches are explored and analyzed,which include five aspects,i.e.the development history of industrial poverty alleviation,connotation and theoretical basis of industrial poverty alleviation,models and mechanisms of industrial poverty alleviation,realistic difficuhies and countermeasures,and economic effects.In the end,the paper points out the deficiencies of current research achievements in theoretical depth,system construction,practical pattern extraction,research perspectives and regions,and empirical research methods etc.It's proposed that the key orientation of future researches is to attach great important to the internal logistic relation between industrial poverty alleviation/targeted poverty alleviation and participatory governance,accelerate the investigation into localization characteristics of industrial poverty alleviation,encourage the researches from interdisciplinary perspectives and lay emphasis on the cooperation between normative research and empirical research.