江苏城市居住隔离测度及区域差异性研究

城市空间作为资本积累和阶级冲突的集中场所,揭示了城市空间不平等与资本逻辑的内在关联性,城市居住隔离是不同社会群体的财富在空间上固化,研究居住隔离对于我国城市化进程中实现空间公平和正义具有重要的意义。本文介绍了居住隔离的研究背景、概念内涵以及我国居住隔离的研究现状,分析了居住隔离测度指标——隔离指数的定义及应用发展。选取江苏苏南、苏中、苏北不同发展阶段区域典型城市无锡、南通、盐城,将居住社区划分为一类社区、二类社区、三类社区及四类社区四种类型,通过计算三个城市不同类型居住社区的隔离指数,分析江苏城市居住隔离的总体特征及区域差异。结果表明:总体而言,无锡、南通、盐城三市城市基于职业的居住隔离程度呈现较低的状态;三市四类居住社区隔离指数呈近似U形曲线,即隔离指数二类、三类居住社区要低于一类、二类居住社区,可知二类、三类居住社区居住人员职业构成相比较于一类、二类居住社区要相对多元;三市总体隔离指数和经济发展呈现正相关的状态,即隔离指数随着人均可支配收入的提高而提高,但显著性不强。

Urban residential segregation: the index of dissimilarity and regional difference

The inequality of urban residential space is closely correlated with the inequality of wealth distribution among different social classes.Therefore,the study of residential segregation is of great significance to achieving spatial equality and justice in China's urbanization course.This paper,after presenting the background,meaning and status quo of residential segregation,introduces the definition and application of the index of dissimilarity,an index measuring residential segregation.Taking Wuxi,Nantong and Yancheng as the typical examples in Jiangsu Province,this study classifies residential communities into 4 types,i.e.Ⅰ,Ⅱ,Ⅲ and Ⅳ.Based on the scoring of the three cities on the index of dissimilarity,it explores the features and regional difference of residential segregation in the province.The major findings of the study are as follows:the three cities studied have low score on the index of dissimilarity by occupation;the scoring on the index of dissimilarity of the four residential communities in the three cities,forms a Ucurve,with Ⅱ and Ⅲ scoring lower than Ⅰ and Ⅳ,which shows that residents from Ⅱ and Ⅲ communities are more diversified than those from Ⅰ and Ⅳ;a city's comprehensive index of dissimilarity is positively but not strongly correlated with its economic development,i.e.,a city's index of dissimilarity tends to rise with its PCDI.