适应转化:新生代流动人口定居意愿的实证研究及其政策意涵

本文基于南开大学"2013年流动人口管理和服务对策研究问卷调查"的数据,对新生代流动人口定居意愿及其影响因素展开分析,并与老生代流动人口的情况进行比较。发现经济因素对老生代流动人口定居意愿具有显著影响。然而,与之不同的是,职业类型、家庭人均月收入、住房公积金等代表经济因素的指标对新生代流动人口定居意愿的影响不显著。而且,信用卡消费、人均居住面积、居住质量、对城市生活水平的满意度、流入地亲人数、朋友中的本地人数量、日常生活中与本地人的交往频繁程度等代表社会适应因素的指标对新生代流动人口定居意愿具有显著影响;但是,这些社会适应因素对老生代流动人口定居意愿的影响则较为有限。由此可见,流动人口定居意愿影响因素存在显著的代际差异。相对于老生代流动人口而言,新生代流动人口定居意愿的影响因素由经济吸引向社会适应转化。具体而言,新生代流动人口定居意愿的社会适应因素体现在消费方式、居住环境、情感纽带、社会融入、城市评价等五个方面。因此,可以通过增进新生代流动人口的社会适应从而提高其定居意愿。

Adaptation change:an empirical research on settlement intention and its policy implications of the new generation migrant population

The paper analyzed the settlement intention of the new generation migrant population, and compared with the situation of the elder generation based on the data of Nankai University's questionnaire survey of 2013 migrant population's management and service countermeasure.It found that economic factors had a significant influence on settlement intention of the elder generation of migrants.However the influence of the economic factors such as occupation type, per capita monthly income, housing and so on, is not significant.Moreover the factor of social adaptation, such as credit card consumption, per capita living space, housing quality, the level of city life satisfaction, inflow to pro number, friends in the local number, and daily life with the local people in the frequent exchanges of degree, will have a significant impact.But there is little influence of these factors of social adaptation on the old generation of migrant population.This shows that there is a significant difference on the settlement intention and its influencing facts between the migrant population.In a word, the influencing factors of the settlement intention of the new generation migrant population have exchanged, from economic attraction to social adaptation.And the factors of social adaptation are embodied in five aspects of consumption patterns, living environment, emotional ties, social integration, and urban evaluation.Therefore, it is better to promote their residential willingness by improving the social adaptation of the new generation of migrant population.