黄河流域县域经济密度测算及空间分异研究

县域经济是国民经济的基本单元,科学评估县域经济的空间分异、影响因素和形成机理,可以为区域经济分析和区域发展政策制定提供科学决策依据。本文以黄河流域504个县域为研究单元,采用熵权灰色模型、Jenks最佳分类法和Kernel分析等方法,基于人均、地均组成的经济密度综合指数构建经济密度评价指标体系和经济密度综合评价模型,从空间分布特征、空间集聚状态两个维度对2000年、2014年黄河流域县域经济密度的空间分异的特征状态和影响因素进行研究。研究结果表明:(1)流域经济密度的空间分异主要受人均密度系统影响,地均密度系统只是强化或减弱人均系统的分异强度。(2)黄河流域东部与中西部之间的经济密度差异明显。东部经济密度水平高,且形成了以郑州、济南为中心的高级别集聚状态,中东部以西安为中心形成了次一级集聚状态,而中西部经济密度整体水平低且仅有少量的弱集聚核心和集聚影响区。(3)流域中西部内部经济空间分异也发生变化。内蒙古、河南的经济密度水平较高,而其他省区的水平相对较弱;流域中西部高水平、中高水平经济密度区域及实力较强的集聚核心和扩展轴带分布在内蒙古中部、河南中部、陕西南部、山西中部,其他省区的集聚核心和扩展轴带较弱。

A study on estimates and spatial differentiation of economic density at county level in Yellow River Basin

The county economy is the basic unit of the national economy,and the scientific evaluation of the spatial differentiation,influencing factors and formation mechanism of the county economy can provide a scientific basis for the evaluating regional economic and making regional development policies.This paper takes the Yellow River Basin of 504 counties as the study area.The entropy grey correlation analysis,the Jenks classification and Kernel analysis was used to construct the evaluation index system and comprehensive evaluation model of economic density based on per capita income and per area income.Then the characteristics of spatial differentiation,influencing factors of the Yellow River Basin counties has been studied from two dimensions including spatial distribution characteristics and spatial agglomeration statusin 2000 and 2014.The results show that,first,the overall economic spatial density pattern was mainly affected by the per capital income and per area income just has strengthen or weaken influence on the intensity differentiation.Second,there is a big difference of the regional economic density between eastem and mid-west parts of the study area.With the high economic density in the eastern region,two agglomeration regions were formed.One is around Zhengzhou and Jinan in the eastern region with high-level,the other is around Xi'an in the mid-east region with relatively lower-level compare to the first one.In the contrary,the western and central parts showed only a few weak agglomerations with the lowest-level.Third,the spatial differentiation is changingin the mid-west region.More specifically,the overall economic density level in Henan and Inner Mongolia is higher than other provinces.The agglomeration center and axis are mainly located in middle of Inner Mongolia and middle of Henan,the south of Shaanxi,the middle of Shanxi.