基于参与式社区评估法的泾河流域景观管理问题分析

参与式社区评估法既兼顾了景观管理中的地理变量,同时还将社会经济因素纳入了考虑范畴,是深入进行问题分析客观有效的方法之一。本文采用参与式社区评估法,运用问题矩阵和问题树分析,对泾河流域景观管理中存在的问题和利益相关者的认知进行了分析。研究发现,绝大多数利益相关者认为土壤侵蚀已成为第一严重的问题,其次是土地生产力低下、自然灾害、植被破坏等。尽管当地公众已经认识到了土壤侵蚀的严重危害,但在安排土地利用方式时,却很少考虑土壤侵蚀带来的危害,仍然从事着自给自足的粮食生产活动。

Challenges Facing Landscape Management in the Jinghe Watershed of Northwestern China by Using Participatory Rural Appraisal

Recent socioeconomic development in China has laid the basis for significant changes in landscape nation-wide.Through a case study of the Jinghe watershed of the northwestern China,a geographic and economic core area in the development of the western part of the country,the obstacles and opportunities in landscape management are examined by using Participatory Rural Appraisal(PRA) technique which was rarely used in China.The paper takes into account socioeconomic as well as geophysical variables in the representative villages of the watershed and interviews the local institutions which are currently involved in landscape management.The causes of problems were investigated through field survey evidence and government data sources.Problem matrix and problem tree are applied for the analysis.The majority of the farmers in the surveys consider soil erosion to be a major annoyance to their farming operations which has main impacts on their past,present or future land use,following by low productivity,natural disasters,vegetation deduction,wild life deduction,low income,land degradation,river contamination,monocropping,deforestation and insufficient water supply etc.The farmers still prefer the landscape to be dominated by food crops to secure their subsistence livelihood.The findings have given the area a direction for decision-making and plan implementation by taking into consideration of local people's perceptions.