区域排污权交易模型研究

本文在分析了排污权交易研究进展的基础上，指出区域污染权交易比传统的排污权交易意义更大，并提出排污权交易地区交叉补贴的设想：将发达地区的排污权交易所得向欠发达地区转移，以解决欠发达地区产业结构调整乏力以及对发达地区的二次污染和发达地区环境容量资源短缺问题。在不考虑交易成本的假设下，通过建立不同地区排污权交易模型以确定排污权交易总量及其交易价格以及交易所获净增纯收益等。太湖流域由于经济最为发达，环境问题十分突出，是目前我国最适宜率先进行区域排污权交易试点的地区。通过假定太湖流域无锡和常州两市进行排污权交易，并利用两市1991—2000年的环境统计资料等相关资料进行了验证。计算结果表明区域排污权交易不仅具有明显的经济和环境效益，而且也是协调环境区域矛盾的重要手段。因此，不同地区间进行排污权交易在我国具有重要意义，在太湖流域等经济发达地区收效尤其明显。

Modeling Trans-Regional Trade of Tradable Emission Right

The nature of tradable emission right trade is that by the allocation of environmental capacity of market every owner gets his maximum utility,meanwhile the whole society gets the maximum welfare by higher efficiency of environmental capacity resource.After summarizing the study on tradable emission right,the paper points out that trans-regional emission right trade is more significant than the traditional,because the former could equitably harmonize trans-regional environmental conflict and favor the industry structure evolvement of the poorer areas for the richer areas can buy the emission right from the poorer areas,and then,in return transfer the earnings to the poor areas,consequently decrease the whole pollution amount as well as possibly second time pollution from poorer areas,if they have ecological relationship.In order to test the ideas,the paper establishes a model of trans-regional tradable emission right with the data during 1991-2000 of Wuxi and Changzhou.In face of the difficulty of no available data of regional environmental capacity(This project is now being done),the paper set another model of optimal allocation of environmental capacity in one region between the use of production and living consumption in order to remedy the lack of the latter data.The paper lastly finally concludes that carrying out the trans-regional tradable emission right policy has special significance in China.However,Taihu Basin will be the most compatible area for practice at present.The basic conditions such as regional disparity,institution for the minimum exchange cost,will be prior to succeeding the trade.