基于耦合协调度模型的河西走廊生态环境质量时空格局演化

以“丝绸之路”经济带上的河西走廊地区为研究对象,采用耦合分析法,构建环境承载力与生态弹性限度的耦合协调模型,在分析2001—2016年河西走廊生态环境承载力和生态弹性限度的基础上,探析河西走廊生态环境承载力与弹性限度的耦合协调度,评价生态环境承载力和生态弹性限度耦合协调阶段及区域生态环境质量水平,从区域和城市两个空间尺度分析生态环境耦合协调类型,为探索河西走廊生态环境可持续发展道路提供科学依据。结果表明:①2001—2016年,河西走廊生态环境承载力和生态弹性限度均呈现东南高、西北低的空间格局和缓慢波动上升趋势。②河西走廊生态环境耦合协调度呈现“东南高西北低,优劣破碎穿插”的空间格局特征,耦合协调度在0~0.5之间,生态系统处于低水平和拮抗耦合阶段,生态环境质量处于濒临失调阶段。③河西走廊生态环境承载力与生态弹性限度耦合协调度存在明显区域差异。河西走廊生态环境耦合协调度共分9个等级3个层次3个耦合协调阶段:高水平-磨合阶段区(良好协调、中度协调和初级协调区);中等水平-拮抗耦合阶段区(勉强协调、濒临失调和轻度失调区)和低水平区-低水平耦合阶段区(极度失调、严重失调和中度失调区)。④根据2001—2016年生态环境耦合协调状况将河西走廊五市分为4种耦合协调类型:高耦合协调增长型(张掖市、金昌市)、高耦合协调减少型(武威市)、中耦合协调增长型(嘉峪关市)和低耦合协调增长型(酒泉市)。各地区应因地制宜地制定发展战略,提高生态环境质量,推进生态环境持续协调发展。

Spatial-temporal evolution of ecological environment quality in Hexi Corridor based on Cupled Coordination Model

This paper took the‘Silk Road’Economic Belt of the Hexi Corridor region as the research object,and used the method of coupling to build environmental and ecological elastic limit bearing capacity of the coupling coordination model.Based on the analysis of ecological environmental bearing capacity of Hexi Corridor from 2001 to 2016 and the ecological elastic limit,it discussed ecological environmental bearing capacity of Hexi Corridor and elastic limit coupling coordination degree,evaluated ecological environment carrying capacity,coupled coordination of ecological elastic limit,and regional ecological environmental quality level,and analyzed regional and urban ecological environment coupling coordination type from two spatial scales.The results showed that:①from 2001 to 2016,the ecological carrying capacity and ecological elastic limit of Hexi Corridor presented the spatial pattern of‘high degree in southeast and low degree in northwest’,and the trend of slow fluctuation increased.②The coupling coordination degree of ecological environment of Hexi Corridor presented the spatial pattern characteristics of‘high degree in southeast,low degree in northwest,and advantage and disadvantage interwoven’.The coupling coordination degree ranged from 0 to 0.5,and the ecosystem was at a low level and antagonistic coupling,and the ecological environment quality was on the verge of imbalance.③There are obvious regional differences between the coupling coordination degree of ecological bearing capacity and ecological elastic limit of Hexi Corridor.The coupling coordination degree of ecological environment in Hexi Corridor was divided into 9 levels,3 layers and 3 coupling coordination stages:high-level running-in stage(good coordination,intermediate coordination and primary coordination),intermediate-level antagonistic coupling stage(barely coordinated,borderline disharmony,and mildly maladjusted),and low-level coupling stage(extremely disharmony,serious disharmony,and moderate disharmony).④According to the ecological environment coupling coordination status from 2001 to 2016,the five cities of Hexi Corridor were divided into four coupling coordination types:high-coupling coordination growth type(Zhangye City,Jinchang City),high-coupling coordination reduction type(Wuwei City),medium-coupling coordination growth type(Jiayuguan City)and low-coupling coordination growth type(Jiuquan City).All cites should formulate development strategies according to local conditions,improve the quality of ecological environment and promote sustainable and coordinated development of ecological environment.