中国服务业碳生产率的空间收敛性研究

在经济服务化与低碳化的双重背景下,研究中国服务业碳生产率的演变轨迹,区域差异及空间收敛特征,对于推动中国服务业高质量发展具有重要的意义。采用2004—2016年中国30个省(区、市)的面板数据,对服务业碳生产率进行测度,并对其演变轨迹与区域差异进行分析,在此基础上,系统考察中国服务业碳生产率的空间收敛性。研究表明:①中国服务业碳生产率在整体上呈逐年增长态势,且呈现从东到西逐次递减的格局。②中国服务业碳生产率存在正向空间自相关关系,并且空间自相关程度表现出波动上升趋势。③全国与西部服务业碳生产率均不存在σ收敛,即服务业碳生产率的地区差异并未随着时间的推移而缩小;东、中部服务业碳生产率则在整体上呈现σ收敛特征。全国以及东、中、西部服务业碳生产率均存在绝对β收敛和条件β收敛,即服务业碳生产率落后地区对发达地区存在"追赶效应",各地区服务业碳生产率最终向自身的稳态水平趋同;空间效应加快了全国与东部服务业碳生产率的β收敛速度。④人均服务业增加值增长速度、部门结构以及能源消费结构对服务业碳生产率具有显著的负向效应,人力资本则对服务业碳生产率产生了显著的正向影响。据此,本文的政策启示如下:①重视服务业碳排放问题,构建服务业低碳绩效评估体系。②探索建立定期会商制度,加强服务业低碳技术的跨区域交流合作。③完善基础设施,促进要素空间互动和优化重组。④调整服务业能源结构与部门结构,推进人力资本积累和服务业稳增长。

Research on spatial convergence of carbon productivity in China’s service industry

Under the dual background of economic servitization and low-carbonization,it is of great significance for the high-quality development of China’s service industsy to analyze the evolution trend,regional disparities and spatial convergence of carbon productivity in China’s service industry.This paper uses the panel data of 30 provinces(autonomous regions and municipalities)in China from 2004 to 2016 to measure the carbon productivity in the service industry and analyze its evolution trend and regional disparities.On this basis,this paper systematically investigates the spatial convergence of carbon productivity in China’s service industry.The research shows that:①The carbon productivity of China’s provincial service industry shows a general growth trend,and it presents a downward trend from east to west.②There is a positive spatial autocorrelation of carbon productivity in China’s service industry,and the spatial autocorrelation shows a fluctuating upward trend.③There is noσconvergence in the carbon productivity of the service industry in China and western China,i.e.,regional differences in the carbon productivity of the service industry have not declined over time,while there isσconvergence in eastern China and central China.There exist absoluteβconvergence and conditionalβconvergence in the carbon productivity of the service industry in China and its three regions,i.e.,the regions with lowcarbon productivity in the service industry appear to catch up the regions with high productivity,and the carbon productivity of service industries in different regions will eventually converge toward their own steady-state levels.The spatial effect accelerates the convergence rate of the service carbon productivity in China and eastern China.④The growth rate of value-added services per capita,divisional structure and energy consumption structure have a significant negative effect on the carbon productivity of the service industry while human capital has a significant positive impact on the carbon productivity of the service industry.Based on this,the policy implications of this paper are as follows:①Pay special attention to carbon emission problems of the service industry and build a lowcarbon performance evaluation system for the service industry.②Establish a regular consultation system to strengthen cross-regional exchanges and cooperation in the field of low-carbon technologies.③Improve infrastructure and promote spatial interaction,optimization and reconstruction of production factors.④Adjust the energy structure and sector structure,and promote the accumulation of human capital and the steady economic growth of China’s service industry.