岩溶槽谷区山坡-槽坝土地利用变化的对比研究

揭示当前多因素驱动下岩溶槽谷区典型地貌单元土地利用变化的一般规律，对山坡-槽坝土地利用变化的差异性和耦合作用具有重要的意义。以2005、2010、2014、2017年高清影像为数据源并结合实地调研对解译数据进行对比验证，通过对土地利用变化的土地动态度相关指标计算，揭示了岩溶槽谷区山坡-槽坝的土地利用变化的幅度、动态度以及空间分布的共同特征与差异。结果表明：(1)随着时间的发展，在3个连续阶段岩溶槽谷区山坡-槽坝土地利用变化的幅度与动态度为：2014~2017年>2010~2014年>2005~2010年，且西部槽谷>东部槽谷>中部槽谷，槽坝的土地利用变化动态度较山坡快且稳定。(2)岩溶槽谷区山坡-槽坝的土地利用空间分布的共同特征是：城镇用地、居民用地、水田主要分布于槽坝；灌木林地、有林地、草地、山地旱地等主要分布于山坡上。由于山坡-槽坝自然环境的不同与社会经济的影响，从而形成了西中东部槽谷变化出现各自差异以及土地利用受到局限性。

Comparative Study of Land Use Change in Karst Hillside-Trough Dam Area

It is great significance to identify the general rules of land use change in typical topography unit of karst valley area and the differences and couple effect of the land use change between hillside and trough dam driven by various influenced factors. This study based on the high-resolution images from 2005 year、2010 year、 2014 year and 2017 year were used as the data source and combined with field survey to verify the image, by calculating the land use dynamic degree index reveals that the spatial distribution of land use change similarity characteristics and differences、land use amplitude、land use dynamic degree in karst hillside-trough dam area. The conclusion shows that: (1)Over time, the hillside and trough dam land use amplitude and land use dynamic degree are 2014-2017 years>2010-2014 years>2005-2010 years and the western > the eastern > the middle trough valley and also land use dynamic degree in the trough dam is faster and more stable than the hillside.(2)The similarity characteristics of land use spatial distribution in the karst trough valley area is that the urban land, the residential land and the paddy field are mainly distributed in the trough dam, and shrubland, woodland, grassland, dry land are mainly distributed on the hillside.The western、the middle、the eastern trough valley in karst area are showing individual differences and land use is limited due to the difference of the hillside-trough dam natural environment and the influence of social economy.