三峡库区湿地生态建设与保护利用

三峡工程的兴建给库周地区带来了前所未有的发展机遇，但同时也给库区的生态环境建设带来了新的问题。水库蓄水将导致库区的人地矛盾更加突出，环 境容量不足等等。三峡水库周边的水位变动区域的干、湿交替区——湿地系统，具有独特的结构、功能和环境景观特点，新建大型水库周边湿地开发利用对库区移民安置及经济发展意义重大，应对其进行有效、合理、安全的综合开发利用。三峡库区湿地的水位具有年内周期性涨落变化特点，以库区水位变动带来划分不同的区域，并结合库区涨落带的坡度、土壤和水文等条件，探索与不同湿地区域段相适宜的保护和开发利用方式。这种因地制宜的湿地生境开发利用途径对缓解库区人地矛盾，改善库区生态环境和景观将发挥积极作用。

ECOLOGICAL CONSTRUCTION AND PROTECTION IN THE WETLAND REGION OF THREE-GORGE RESERVOIR AREA

The construction of the Three-Gorge Reservoir may bring not only new opportunities for regional development, but also new problems in relation to ecological environment. After the completion of the Three-Gorge Reservoir in Yangtze River, wetland regions will appear, where the water level will be fluctuating with seasons along both banks in the reservoir. This kind of wetland can provide special structures, functions, and environmental landscapes, as an important ecotone. Attention should be paid to the protection and exploitation of eco-environment and resources of the wetland zone. According to the geographical conditions for the wetland in the reservoir, the countermeasures for ecological protection and land use are put forward.