中国长江三角洲城市群创意产业发展趋势及效应分析

创意经济是全球进入新经济时代发展起来的一种推崇个人创造力与智慧、推崇创新，强调基于个人创造力的文化艺术与科技创新对经济的支持与推动作用的新经济。创意产业发展的质与量已经成为21世纪衡量一国或城市综合竞争优势的重要标志之一。然而较高新技术、交通网络、信息网络等对城市群影响，创意产业作用于城市群的哪些方面、影响程度如何尚未引起学界足够重视，而这恰是创意时代城市群竞争优势持续提升的重要理论和城市产业政策实践难点。以中国长江三角洲城市群(16城市)为研究对象，从创意产业发展影响因素综合测度视角研判长三角城市群创意产业发展趋势：（1）梳理国内外研究阐明了创意产业的空间性，由此糅合城市体系理论与创意阶层理论构建创意城市体系，并从其核心组分“创意环境、创意能力、创意活力”构建测度城市群创意产业发展影响因素指标体系；（2）采用长三角16城市2005、2009年度统计数据运用因子分析法，判识出影响城市群创意产业发展主要因素：城市便利性、创意阶层的规模与质量、创意产业的经济基础与经济投入强度、城市休闲设施，且前3者影响程度较大；（3）采用层次聚类法综合测度创意产业影响因素，发现长三角各城市创意产业发展水平迅速上升、城际差距缩小，且创意产业影响长三角城市群演进趋势虽弱但已初现，即以创意产业发展影响因素综合指数观察长三角城市位序 规模，上海仍位于首位，但第2层级中却多了苏州，第3层级却呈现无锡、镇江、泰州、常州优于宁波、扬州的格局

TRENDS AND EFFECTS OF CREATIVE INDUSTRIES DEVELOPMENT IN THE YANGTZE RIVER DELTAS URBAN AGGLOMERATIONS 

With its prominent contribution to regional economy, creative industry (CI) is a popular topic both in academic field and practice. CI cultivating and development is crucial for industrial upgrading and spatial restructuring in metropolitans and medium cities. An overall survey of the relative literatures reveals that nine research themes are closely or partly related to this research, which are: influence on economic growth, insights on creative class, reasoning of creative city, elaboration of creative milieu, examination of location preference, exploration on network of CI, argumentation of culture led urban regeneration, concerns to urban social space, urban policy implications. Recently, CI features the urban agglomeration and urban hierarchy. Integrating the two theories of Christaller's centrality and Floridas creative economy, the article uses original database to explore the determinant factors influencing CI development in urban agglomeration and creative economy, and their impact on urban agglomeration restructuring across 16 cities in the Yangtze River Delta (YRD). A measure index system of 14 factors are proposed from five perspectives of economic, culture, social, creation and intelligence, for the relation of creative industry and urban agglomeration and creative city hierarchy. On the database of year 2005 and 2009, five factors are distinguished in factor analysis with SPSS150 and ArcGIS92, including city amenity, scale and quality of creative class, economic base and economic investment intensity, city recreation facility, with the first three are leading factors. This different feature from Florida's theory implies that diversity of cultural environment and tolerance does not show its impact in those Chinese regions with most developed creative industry. Research also shows the rapid increase of CI in 16 cities, and less disparity at intercity level. The rank size of city hierarchy with CI as measure index shows similar feature as that using economy or population as index, with Shanghai as the primary city, the second level cities of Nanjing, Suzhou and Hangzhou. However it shows some different feature, as Ningbo and Yangzhou showing lower CI level than Taizhou, Zhengjiang and Shaoxing, implying that a new urban system is developing guided by creative industry in the YRD. CI development does not show its restructuring ability in urban system in the YDA, implying the advantage of creativity of creative class has not been transferred to industry advantage. The research implies the competition between cities taking similar development path and policy with space carrier of creative industry center. The disordered competition will restrict the progress to be a creative city, and the competitiveness improvement of the YDA urban agglomeration in global competition