基于土地利用变化的四川省生态系统服务价值研究

认识和理解土地利用变化对生态系统服务价值的影响及相互作用关系具有重要意义。在分析国内外各种生态服务价值评价方法和对各类生态系统生态服务价值系数进行修正的基础上，采用生态系统服务价值评估模型、敏感性指数和价值变率模型，对各类生态系统的各项生态服务价值、土地利用变化对四川省生态系统服务价值的影响进行了计算和分析。结果表明：（1）四川省土地利用以林地和牧草地为主，1996~2006年耕地、未利用土地、牧草地和水域面积减少，林地、建设用地和园地面积呈增加趋势；（2）1996~2006年四川省生态系统服务价值由1996年的7 214588×108元上升到2006年的7 305018×108元，增加90431×108元，园地生态系统服务价值持续增加，而农田、牧草地、水域、未利用地则继续减少；（3）土地利用的生态服务价值区域差异显著，空间上呈现西多东少的分布格局，西部高山高原区和盆周山区的生态系统服务价值总量较大，成都平原和四川盆地丘陵区所提供的较少；（4）四川省生态系统服务价值缺乏弹性，价值变率反映林地面积的变化对研究区生态系统服务价值的变化具有较大影响

RESEARCH ON ECOSYSTEM SERVICE VALUES BASED ON LAND USE CHANGE IN SICHUAN PROVINCE

Understanding the influence of land use change on ecosystem service value and the interaction relationship has great significance.Land use and land cover change (LUCC) is the important components in global environment change and the important factor causing environment changes all over the world, and is especially significant in rapidly developing regions in the world. Assessment on ecosystem service values based on land use change in Sichuan Provinceis is essential for policy makers to support sustainable development. In this paper, based on referencing to different evaluation methods of the ecosystem service values（ESV）both at home and abroad, the ESV coefficient is revised on the basis of all kinds of ecosystem types, the ESV of different ecosystem types and ecosystem services value in Sichuan Province was calculated，and effect of land use change on the ESV in Sichuan Province was analyzed, using ESV evaluation methods, sensitivity index and value change rate model. The results showed as follows. (1) The farmlands, unused lands, grasslands and water areas were decreased, while forested lands, construction lands and garden plot areas were increased, forested lands and grasslands accounted for more than 69% of the total area in Sichuan Province over the past 10 years. (2) The ESV provided from the forest lands, garden lands ecosystems continued to increase, while the ESV of the farmlands, grasslands, water and unused lands continued to decrease. (3) The spatial pattern of the total ESV was unevenly distributed across the study area, with significant regional differences. The ESV of land use presented spatial distribution pattern that the west area was more than the east area, the total ESV of the western mountain or plateau regions and the mountainous regions surrounding plain in Sichuan Province was bigger, and the total ESV provided by Chengdu plain, Sichuan basin or the hilly region was less. (4) The sensitivity analysis showed that the ESV in study area was inelastic; the forest land area change reflected by the value change rate of the ESV had a great influence. This research helps to understand the mutual relation between the land use and ESV under the background of rapid urbanization, industrialization, and provide scientific basis for the regulation of regional ecological security and ecological environment protection and sustainable development in Sichuan Province.