岷江上游生态环境脆弱性评价

生态环境脆弱性评价是全球生态问题和可持续发展研究中的重要内容之一。岷江上游因地质构造复杂、人地矛盾突出、生态系统异常脆弱和灵敏而备受关注。本文以岷江上游生态环境脆弱性为研究对象,选取证据权重法(WOE)进行滑坡脆弱性评价,层次分析法(AHP)进行水力侵蚀、景观破坏与污染脆弱性评价;在此基础上,进行了研究区各生态主题脆弱性的空间叠加分析;探讨了岷江上游生态环境脆弱性及其在不同影响因子作用下的空间分异特征。结果表明:研究区的滑坡脆弱性、水力侵蚀脆弱性、景观破坏与污染脆弱性均以轻微度为主,分别占研究区面积的80.43%、71.89%、75.55%;各生态环境主题脆弱性综合分析表明,54.70%的区域至少面临一种生态问题,面临两种及以上环境问题的区域占15.43%,同时面临三种环境问题的占1.35%。研究结果探讨了岷江上游生态环境存在的主要问题和影响因子,对岷江流域乃至长江流域的生态安全和可持续发展具有积极意义,未来应持续关注生态环境脆弱区的生态环境问题。

ECO-ENVIRONMENTAL VULNERABILITY EVALUATION IN THE UPPER REACHES OF MINJIANG RIVER

Eco-environmental vulnerability assesous contradiction between people and land.The paper used the method of weights of evidence (WOE) to assess the landslide vulnerability and used method of Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) to assess water and soil erosion,destruction of landscape and pollution vulnerability.The landslide vulnerability evaluation model contains four landslide evaluation factors including slope,aspect,soil properties and rainfall.The paper chose slope,rainfall,soil type and plant cover types as water and soil erosion vulnerability index.Due to the larger landscape of environmental damage by vandalism and greater population density can reflect the extent of the development of land and other natural landscapes,the paper selected population density,plant cover type,slope,rainfall as the main indicators of landscape destruction and pollution.According to the numerical results,three eco-environmental theme's vulnerability was classified into five levels:potential,slight,light,medium,and heavy level by means of the natural breaks law.On this basis,the paper conducted a comprehensive analysis of the study area on each ecological theme.Furthermore,the paper discussed the distribution of ecological fragility of upper reaches of Minjiang River and its spatial distribution under influences of different factors.The results showed that:the landslide vulnerability,water and soil erosion vulnerability,landscape destruction and pollution vulnerability in the study area are generally slight,with a level of 80.43％,70.44％,and 73.52％ respectively.Comprehensive analysis showed that 57.14％ of the study area is facing at least one of the ecological problems.16.6％ of the area is facing two or more problems and 1.8％ is facing three issues.The paper completed analyses of ecological problems and the underlying influencing factors.The results are expected to benifit ecological security and sustainable development of the Minjiang River Valley and the Yangtze River Basin.