贵州省石漠化敏感区生态红线空间分异与管控措施研究

贵州省石漠化演变态势遏制了长江、珠江流域的生态安全需要。为响应国家生态环境保护与修复政策,加强长江上游生态保护工作,遏制贵州省生态环境恶化趋势,研究基于遥感和GIS技术,针对贵州省喀斯特石漠化等典型生态环境问题,依据《生态红线划定技术指南》(2015-06)建立敏感性评价指标体系及评价模型,评价贵州省石漠化敏感性现状,划定石漠化敏感区生态保护红线,定量揭示贵州省石漠化敏感区生态红线现状及地域分异,并根据贵州省石漠化治理实际情况,提出具体管控措施。结果表明:(1)2011年贵州省石漠化敏感性以强度敏感性为主,面积达36 227.83 km~2,占全省喀斯特地貌面积的32.23%,总体分布规律呈条带状分布;(2)通过叠加分析得出石漠化敏感区的空间分布与石漠化现状有一定关系,表现为除去无明显石漠化、潜在石漠化、不敏感性、轻度敏感性之外,已石漠化土地与中度以上敏感性所占面积比例变化趋势呈正相关。(3)贵州省石漠化敏感区生态红线面积达6 814.25 km~2,占全省国土面积的3.87%;主要由破碎斑块组成,较集中分布于贵州北部、南部及西部地区,其中遵义市、毕节市以及黔南州面积最大、最集中;(4)石漠化敏感区生态红线的管控措施应实施治理与保护并行,主要以保护为主,同时,加强石漠化敏感区综合治理以及生态保护政策体系建设。

STUDY ON SPATIAL VARIATION AND CONTROL MEASURES OF ECOLOGICAL RED LINE IN ROCKY DESERTIFICATION SENSITIVE AREA OF GUIZHOU PROVINCE

The evolution of rocky desertification in Guizhou has curbed the ecological security demands of the Yangtze River and Pearl River Basins.In response to the national ecological environment protection and restoration policies,aiming at strengthening the upper reaches of the Yangtze River ecological protection work to curb the deterioration of ecological environment in Guizhou Province,this study established sensitivity evaluation index system and the evaluation model to evaluate the sensitivity of rocky desertification in Guizhou province by the remote sensing and GIS technology,according to the guideline of ecological red line delimitation technology guide (2015.06) and the typical ecological environmental problems of karst rocky desertification in Guizhou Province.The ecological red line of sensitive area of rocky desertification was defined,and the ecological red line of rocky desertification sensitive area in Guizhou Province was quantitatively revealed and the law of regional differentiation was put forward.And the concrete control measures were put forward according to the actual situation of rocky desertification control in Guizhou Province.The results showed that:(1) In 2011,the susceptibility of rocky desertification in Guizhou province is 36227.83 km2,which accounts for 32.23％ of the total area of karst landforms,and the distribution of the total distribution is striped.(2) The spatial distribution of the rocky desertification sensitive area is related to the rocky desertification.There was a positive correlation between the proportion of land and the proportion of the above sensitive areas when excluding non-obvious rocky desertification,potential rocky desertification,insensitive area and mild sensitive area.(3) The ecological red line area in the rocky desertification sensitive area of Guizhou Province is 6814.25 km2,accounting for 3.87％ of the total land area of the whole province.It is mainly composed of broken patches,which are concentrated in the northern,southern and western regions of Guizhou.(4) The control measures of ecological red line in the rocky desertification sensitive area should be parallel to the control and protection,mainly in the protection,and at the same time strengthen the comprehensive control of the rocky desertification sensitive area and the ecological protection policy system.