试论重庆市农业与生态环境协调发展

重庆市是我国农村面积最广、农业比重最大和农业贫困人口最多的直辖市。维护好该市的农村生态环境，解决好农业发展问题，不仅对重庆市社会经济的持续发展有着十分重要的意义，而且对确保三峡工程的安全运行、促进长江中下游地区的可持续发展同样具有十分重要的作用。在分析重庆市农业生产特点和农村生态环境现状的基础上，指出该市农村生态环境建设与农业协调发展面I临的主要问题有：尖锐的人地矛盾；巨大的移民和脱贫压力；频繁的自然灾害。提出该市农业和生态环境协调发展的对策：通过发展特色经济，优化产业结构；发展生态农业，实现农业资源的可持续利用；把退耕还林与扶贫开发、自然保护区建设相结合，确保生态环境的建设与保护；将移民搬迁与地质灾害整治、库区周边湿地的保护与利用结合起来，加强抵御自然灾害的能力建设。

COORDINATED GROWTH IN AGRICULTURE AND RURAL ECO-ENVIRONMENT IN CHONGQING MUNICIPALITY

Chongqing is a municipality directly under the Central Government in China,with wide rural areas,and with agriculture being a big economy,and a large number of amount of agricultural poor people.It is very important to protect rural environment and develop agriculture not only for the social and economic sustainable development in Chongqing Municipality,but also for safe operation of the Three-Gorge Protect,and promoting the sustainable development in the middle and lower of Changjiang Valley.Based on the analysis of characteris - tics of agricultural production and current condition of rural eco-environment in Chongqing Municipality,the main problems with which sustainable development of agriculture and construction of eco-environment will be faced are pointed out.These main problems are contradictive in terms of human requests and land resource pro -tection.In the light of the main problems,the corresponding countermeasures for coordinated growth of agricul-ture and rural eco-environment in Chongqing Municipality are proposed:(a)adjusting the agricultural structure by developing characteristical economy;(b)developing eco-agriculture and realizing the sustainable utilization of a-gricultural resources;(c)combining returning cultivated land to forestland or grassland with assisting poor people and constructing nature preserves,in order to ensure eco-environmental protection and construction;(d)enhanc-ing the ability construction of withstand natural calamities through combining migration with dredge geological disasters and harnessing and protection of wetland in the Three-Gorge Reservoir Area.