德国空间规划研究及其对我国的启示

通过对德国空间规划的概念、规划原则、规划体系及其法律基础等进行初步研究，总结了德国空间规划的特点。德国空间规划体系与相关法律体系结合紧密，清晰完善，既有法律规定的三大层面的综合空间规划，又有针对不同问题受不同相关法律约束的专项规划，既有具法律效力的正式规划，又有以解决具体问题为目的的非正式规划；各层面和各类型规划责任与目标明确；与之相关法律法规体系完善；在整个规划体系中，贯彻可持续空间发展的主要指导思想，并且从规划的制定到实施注重公众参与。德国空间规划的这些特点，对我国的规划有借鉴意义，对目前我国规划体系中存在的如法律基础不完善、规划体系比较混乱、各种规划间缺乏协调与整合、区域间空间发展及规划间同样缺乏协调以及规划缺少公众参与等问题提出了改善的可能性和建议。

SPATIAL PLANNING IN GERMANY WITH ITS IMPLICATION IN CHINA

By introducing the concept,principle,system and legal base of spatial planning in Germany,this paper summarized the characteristics involved in the planning.The spatial planning system in Germany combines not only tightly with the legal system,but contains various kinds of plannings at different spatial levels for different purposes,which may be divided into comprehensive spatial planning and functional planning.The spatial planning system can be further classified into the formal planning,which has legal effect,and the informal planning which has special purpose.The concept of sustainable spatial development was applied in the whole spatial planning system.Regarding the problems existed in the land use planning system in our country,the paper proposed some possible improvements and suggestions.