城乡居民食物碳消费变化与差异分析——以安徽省为例

经济的快速发展和居民人口的不断增长，给社会和生态环境带来了巨大压力，不可持续的居民食物碳消费是造成全球环境问题的重要原因之一。居民食物碳消费是环境碳循环研究和可持续消费的重要内容。采用政府宏观统计数据，研究了1985~2007年安徽省城乡居民食物碳消费结构和食物碳消费的变化趋势和影响因素，并对城乡差异进行了分析比较，结果表明：(1)城市居民家庭食物碳消费结构转变较农村显著，城市居民食物碳消费从以“粮食碳消费为主”的比较单一的消费模式转变为以“粮食、肉类、食用植物油碳消费为主”的多元消费模式；而农村居民食物碳消费从以“粮食碳消费为主”转变为以“粮食、食用植物油碳消费为主”的多元消费模式；(2)城市居民人均、户均食物碳消费量均呈下降趋势，但食物消费总量却呈上升趋势，加剧了食物碳消费的环境影响；农村人均和户均食物碳消费和碳消费总量呈下降趋势，但人均、户均食物碳消费仍高于城市，农村居民食物碳消费的生态压力依然较大。(3)Pearson乘积相关分析表明，影响城市居民人均食物碳消费的主要因素是恩格尔系数和人均可支配收入，而影响农村居民人均食物碳消费的主要因素是农村人均纯收入。研究结果对进一步探索可持续的居民消费模式和减轻环境影响具有重要的现实意义。

DIFFERENCES AND TRENDS OF FOOD CARBON CONSUMPTION BETWEEN URBAN AND RURAL HOUSEHOLDS——A CASE STUDY OF ANHUI PROVINCE

The fast development of the economic and the continuous growth of the population have brought enormous pressure to the society and ecological environment.Non sustainable food carbon consumption of the residents is one of the important factors that lead to global environmental problems,and researching on food carbon consumption is suggested to be an important content in studying environmental carbon cycle and in promoting sustainable household consumption.Based on statistical data,the structures,the trends and the influencing factors of food carbon consumption of Anhui province were analyzed from 1985 to 2007,and the differences between urban and rural food carbon consumption were also analyzed.The results show that:the changs of food carbon consumption structures of urban residents were more significant.The main form of urban residents food carbon consumption changed from single corn carbon pattern to corn,meat and oil carbon multiple pattern,while the main form of rural residents food carbon changed from single corn carbon pattern to corn and oil carbon two pattern.Urban food carbon consumption per capita and per household decreased from 1985 to 2007,but the total consumption of food carbon gradually increased,which strengthened the influence on the ecological environment.Rural food carbon consumption per capita and per household and the total consumption of food carbon suffered a significant decrease from 1985 to 2007,but rural food carbon consumption per capita and per household was still more than urban.Thus, the pressure on ecological environment was still heavy.According to the Pearson correlation coefficient analytical method,Engel index and available income per person were two key economical factors influencing urban food carbon consumption per capita and per household,and net income was the key economical factor influencing rural food carbon consumption per capita.Results of the study are practically significant for further exploring sustainable consumption patterns and reducing the environmental impacts.〖