岩溶山区聚落分布格局与演变分析——以普定县后寨河地区为例

我国岩溶山区聚落步入稳定发展的轨道，在几十年的演变过程中，其对所在区域的土地利用/覆盖变化以及生态环境都产生了重要影响，弄清岩溶山区聚落动态分布格局和主要影响因素，对于岩溶山区的新农村建设和实现全面小康具有重要意义。以贵州省普定县后寨河地区为例，应用1963航片和2004年SPOT影像，通过GIS技术和景观指数定量评价方法，在小尺度区域内研究了乡村聚落40多a来的分布格局和演变，结果表明在后寨河地区，在20世纪60年代，不同地貌类型下土地生产力水平决定了聚落分布格局、数量和规模，之后到2004年人口的增长和社会经济的进步使聚落的总面积极大增长，而聚落快速发展的空间差异则主要由对外交通条件决定，聚落向交通干线集中，表现出沿公路呈线状分布趋势，并且形状更加复杂。〖

ANALYSIS OF SETTLEMENTS DISTRIBUTION PATTERN AND CHANGES IN KARST MOUNTAINOUS AREAS——TAKING THE HOUZHAI WATERSHED REGION IN PUDIN COUNTY AS AN EXAMPLE

At present,the research on settlements should be strengthened in the process of carrying out building new countryside in Karst mountainous areas.In this paper,taking the Houzhai River region of Pudin County,Guizhou Province,as an example,the distribution pattern and changes in the region of the villages for more than four decades were studied in the small scale region by GIS technology and quantitative analysis of the landscape index.The results showed that the distribution of settlement patterns,the number and size of the settlement were determined by the level of land productivity in different Houzhai River region in the 1960s.In 2004,population growth and socio economic progress resulted in the great increase of the total area of the village.〖JP2〗The number and size of the settlement in the different physiognomy types and the rapid development of settlements were determined mainly by external transport conditions.The settlements concentrated along the road.It showed the lined distribution trend along the road,and its shape was complex.